You can't. Go isn't a "scripting language" and Apache doesn't know how to process it (unlike PHP FCGI and variants).
You need to build (compile) your Go application with a HTTP or FCGI server, and run it, and then use Apache (or nginx) to reverse proxy to the HTTP port/FCGI socket your Go app is listening on.
Take a look at the net/http documentation and the simple web application tutorial in the Go documentation. From my experience I'd recommend using a reverse HTTP proxy over FCGI as it's easier to debug/configure.
i.e.
<VirtualHost myhost:80>
ServerName www.mydomain.com
ProxyPass / http://localhost:8000/ # Your Go app's listening port
ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8000/
</VirtualHost>
Note that this isn't tested nor a complete example, but should hopefully get you started.