Ok, I didn't noticed that the missing dependencies were "included" in other projects I had, and these projects expected those dependencies to be provided.
That is why those dependencies showed in the effective-pom as "provided".
I locked the dependencies in my POM to make sure that they had the "compile" scope:
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
..
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
And now the dependencies are being successfully included in WEB-INFO/lib and it fixed the problem of getting the following error each time I tried to deploy:
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext
I feel dumb...
Thanks for your help.