How do you create a sticky navigation when top of browser window is reached?

StackOverflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23352962

Domanda

I'm trying to get my navigation bar to stick to the top of the browser window once the header area has been scrolled passed. I wasn't thinking of it from the beginning so I've built the entire thing without the navigation being "fixed." I was hoping there'd be something I could do to make this happen without having to redo a bunch of my code.

HTML

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title>Joshua Huff | Designer</title></title></title>
        <link rel="Stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
        <link rel="Google Fonts" href="" />
        <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main.css" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/responsive.css" />
        <script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/scripts.js"></script>
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <header id="header">
            <h1 id="logo">Joshua Huff</h1>
            <p id="logo-caption">You've gotta keep it real.</p>
            <p id="header-copyright">&copy; Joshua Huff 2014. All rights reserved.</p>


            <!-- NAVIGATION BAR -->

            <nav id="menu-wrap">    
                <ul id="menu">
                    <li><a href="">Home</a></li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">Categories ▼</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">CSS ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 1</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 2</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 3</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 4</a></li>
                                </ul>               
                            </li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Graphic design ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 21</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 22</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 23</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 24</a></li>
                                </ul>               
                            </li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Development tools ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 31</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 32</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 33</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 34</a></li>
                                </ul>               
                            </li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Web design ►</a>             
                                <ul>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 41</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 42</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 43</a></li>
                                    <li><a href="">Item 44</a></li>
                                </ul>   
                            </li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">Work ▼</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Work 1 ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 11 ►</a>        
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 111</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 112</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 113</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 12 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 121</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 122</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 123</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 13 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 131</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 132</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 133</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                </ul>                   
                            </li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Work 2 ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 21 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 211</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 212</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 213</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 22 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 221</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 222</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 223</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 23 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 231</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 232</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 233 ►</a>
                                                <ul>
                                                    <li><a href="">Work 2331</a></li>
                                                    <li><a href="">Work 2332</a></li>
                                                    <li><a href="">Work 2333</a></li>
                                                    <li><a href="">Work 2334</a></li>
                                                    <li><a href="">Work 2335</a>
                                                    </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                </ul>                   
                            </li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="">Work 3 ►</a>
                                <ul>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 31 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 311</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 312</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 313</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 32 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 321</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 322</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 323</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                    <li>
                                        <a href="">Work 33 ►</a>
                                        <ul>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 331</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 332</a></li>
                                            <li><a href="">Work 333</a></li>
                                        </ul>                           
                                    </li>
                                </ul>                   
                            </li>
                        </ul>       
                    </li>
                    <li><a href="">About</a></li>
                    <li><a href="">Contact</a></li>
                    <li id="splitter">..</li>
                </ul>
            </nav>

            <!-- END OF NAVIGATION BAR -->

        </header>


        <!-- SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS -->

        <a href="https://www.facebook.com/JoshuaMichaelHuff" target="_blank" class="social-link">       
            <img src="images/facebook-round.png" alt="Facebook logo" id="facebook" class="social-icon" />
        </a>
        <a href="https://twitter.com/JoshuaHuff94" target="_blank" class="social-link">     
            <img src="images/twitter-round.png" alt="Twitter logo" id="twitter" class="social-icon" />
        </a>
        <a href="http://instagram.com/joshua_huff7812" target="_blank" class="social-link">     
            <img src="images/instagram-round.png" alt="Instagram logo" id="instagram" class="social-icon" />
        </a>

        <!-- END OF SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS -->


        <!-- PAGE CONTENT -->

        <div id="page-content">
            <section id="column-1">
                <h2>The Introduction to the Site</h2>
                <p>This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.</p>
                <br /><hr /><br />
                <h2>The Introduction to the Site</h2>
                <p>This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.</p>
                <br /><hr /><br />
                <h2>The Introduction to the Site</h2>
                <p>This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.</p>
            </section>
            <section id="column-2">
                <h2>The Introduction to the Site</h2>
                <p>This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.</p>
                <br /><hr /><br />
                <h2>The Introduction to the Site</h2>
                <p>This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.
                This is just going to be a way for me to test the color used for paragraphs.</p>
            </section>
        </div>

        <!-- END OF PAGE CONTENT -->


        <!-- SITE FOOTER -->

        <footer>
            <p id="footer-copyright">&copy; Joshua Huff 2014. All rights reserved.</p>
        </footer>

        <!-- END OF SITE FOOTER -->

    </body>
</html>

CSS

/*****************************
GENERAL
*****************************/


body{
    background: #eee;
    font: 13px 'trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica;
}

h2 {
    color: #2f2e2a;
    font-size: 19px;
    margin: 0;
}

p {
    color: #6e6b63;
    font-size: 12.5px;
    margin: 0;
}

a {
    color: #2A679F;
}

#page-content {
    text-align: left;
    width: 1000px;
    height: 1100px;
    /*margin: 3% 10% 5% 10%;*/
    margin: 3% auto;
}

#column-1 {
    float: left;
    width: 480px;
    margin-left: 5px;
    /*padding-right: 14px;
    border-right: 1px solid #8e8e8d;*/
}

#column-2 {
    float: right;
    width: 480px;
    margin-right: 5px;
}


/*****************************
HEADER
*****************************/


#logo {
    margin: 30px 0 0 125px;
    font-size: 30px;
}

#logo-caption {
    margin: 0 0 0 125px;
    font-size: 14px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#header-copyright {
    text-align: right;
    margin-top: 20px;
    margin-right: 125px;
    font-size: 14px;
    border: none;
    color: #6e6b63;
    /*margin-top: 10px;
    margin-left: 45px;
    font-size: 14px;
    border: none;
    color: #6e6b63;*/
}


/*****************************
NAVIGATION BAR
*****************************/


.fixed {
    position: fixed;
}

#menu, #menu ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

#menu {
    max-width: 1080px;
    height: 38px;
    margin: /*60px*/ /*30px*/ 15px auto;
    border: 1px solid #222;
    background-color: #111;
    background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(#444, #111); 
    background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#444), to(#111));    
    background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#444, #111);  
    background-image: -o-linear-gradient(#444, #111);
    background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(#444, #111);
    background-image: linear-gradient(#444, #111);
    -moz-border-radius: 6px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 6px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
}

#menu:before, #menu:after {
    content: "";
    display: table;
}

#menu:after {
    clear: both;
}

#menu {
    zoom:1;
}

#menu li {
    float: left;
    border-right: 1px solid #222;
    -moz-box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #444;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #444;
    box-shadow: 1px 0 0 #444;
    position: relative;
}

#menu a {
    float: left;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    color: #999;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font: bold 12px Arial, Helvetica;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #000;
}

#menu li:hover > a {
    color: #fafafa;
}

*html #menu li a:hover { /* IE6 only */
    color: #fafafa;
}

#menu ul {
    margin: 20px 0 0 0;
    _margin: 0; /* IE6 only */
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    top: 38px;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1;    
    background: #444;
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(#444, #111);
    background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#444), to(#111));
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#444, #111);    
    background: -o-linear-gradient(#444, #111); 
    background: -ms-linear-gradient(#444, #111);    
    background: linear-gradient(#444, #111);
    -moz-box-shadow: 0 -1px rgba(255,255,255,.3);
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);
    box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);  
    -moz-border-radius: 3px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 3px;
    border-radius: 3px;
    -webkit-transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
    -moz-transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
    -ms-transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
    -o-transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
    transition: all .2s ease-in-out;  
}

#menu li:hover > ul {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    margin: 0;
}

#menu ul ul {
    top: 0;
    left: 150px;
    margin: 0 0 0 20px;
    _margin: 0; /* IE6 only */
    -moz-box-shadow: -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);
    -webkit-box-shadow: -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);
    box-shadow: -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3);      
}

#menu ul li {
    float: none;
    display: block;
    border-left: 4px solid #aa0a0a;
    _line-height: 0; /* IE6 only */
    -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111, 0 2px 0 #666;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111, 0 2px 0 #666;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111, 0 2px 0 #666;
}

#menu ul li:last-child {   
    -moz-box-shadow: none;
    -webkit-box-shadow: none;
    box-shadow: none;    
}

#menu ul a {    
    padding: 10px;
    width: 130px;
    _height: 10px; /* IE6 only */
    display: block;
    white-space: nowrap;
    float: none;
    text-transform: none;
}

#menu ul a:hover {
    background-color: #0186ba;
    background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(#04acec,  #0186ba);  
    background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#04acec), to(#0186ba));
    background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#04acec, #0186ba);
    background-image: -o-linear-gradient(#04acec, #0186ba);
    background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(#04acec, #0186ba);
    background-image: linear-gradient(#04acec, #0186ba);
}

#menu ul li:first-child > a {
    -moz-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
    -webkit-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
    border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
}

#menu ul li:first-child > a:after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 40px;
    top: -6px;
    border-left: 6px solid transparent;
    border-right: 6px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 6px solid #444;
}

#menu ul ul li:first-child a:after {
    left: -6px;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -6px;
    border-left: 0; 
    border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
    border-top: 6px solid transparent;
    border-right: 6px solid #3b3b3b;
}

#menu ul li:first-child a:hover:after {
    border-bottom-color: #04acec; 
}

#menu ul ul li:first-child a:hover:after {
    border-right-color: #0299d3; 
    border-bottom-color: transparent;   
}

#menu ul li:last-child > a {
    -moz-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;
    border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;
}


/*****************************
SOCIAL LINKS IN NAVIGATION BAR
*****************************/


#splitter {
    /*margin-left: 45px;*/
    margin-left: 305px;
    border-right: 2px solid #171715;
    font-size: 1px;
    height: 38px;
}

#facebook {
    margin-right: 275px;
}

#twitter {
    margin-right: 225px;
}

#instagram {
    margin-right: 175px;
}

.social-icon {
    display: inline-block;
    float: right;
    /*margin-top: -95px;*/ /*Only when the nav-bar is at 60px from margin-top */
    /*margin-top: -65px;*/ /*Only when the nav-bar is at 30px from margin-top */
    margin-top: -50px; /*Only when the nav-bar is at 15px from margin-top */
    padding-top: 3px;
    padding-right: 3px;
    padding-bottom: 3px;
    padding-left: 3px;
}


/*****************************
FOOTER
*****************************/


footer {
    width: 1100px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding-right: 30px;
    border-top: 1px solid #8e8e8d;
}

.footer-social-link {
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0;
}

#footer-copyright {
    text-align: left;
    margin-top: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 11px;
    border: none;
    color: #6e6b63;
}
È stato utile?

Soluzione

Here's a FIDDLE

(function($) {
  $(window).scroll(function() {
    if($(this).scrollTop() >= 130) {
       $('#menu-wrap').addClass('fixed');   
    }
    else {
       $('#menu-wrap').removeClass('fixed');   
    }
  });
})(jQuery);

.fixed {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
}
#header-copyright {
  display: block;
  text-align: right;
  margin: 20px 125px 15px 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  border: none;
  color: #6e6b63;
}
#menu {
  max-width: 1080px;
  height: 38px;
  margin: /*60px*/ /*30px*/ 0 auto;
  border: 1px solid #222;
  background-color: #111;
  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(#444, #111); 
  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#444), to(#111));    
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(#444, #111);  
  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(#444, #111);
  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(#444, #111);
  background-image: linear-gradient(#444, #111);
  -moz-border-radius: 6px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 1px #777, 0 1px 0 #666 inset;
}
.social-icon {
  display: inline-block;
  float: right;
  margin-top: -34px;
  padding: 3px;
}

Altri suggerimenti

I think you'll be best off to use javascript for this. Here's a solution that relies on jQuery to convert the navbar positioning to fixed once it gets to the top of the page as well as stick a temporary div in its place to prevent the layout from changing.

http://jsfiddle.net/T6nZe/523/

HTML (Sample replace with yours):

<br /><br /><br /><br />
<div class="navbar"></div>
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />

CSS: 

.navbar {
  height: 50px;
  width: 100%;
  background: black;
}
.fix {
  position: fixed;
}

JS: 

$(function(){
  var
    $win = $(window),
    $filter = $('.navbar'),
    $filterSpacer = $('<div />', {
      "class": "filter-drop-spacer",
      "height": $filter.outerHeight()
    });
  $win.scroll(function(){     
    if(!$filter.hasClass('fix') && $win.scrollTop() > $filter.offset().top){
      $filter.before($filterSpacer);
      $filter.addClass("fix");
    } else if ($filter.hasClass('fix')  && $win.scrollTop() < $filterSpacer.offset().top){
      $filter.removeClass("fix");
      $filterSpacer.remove();
    }
  });
});
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