Generare la dichiarazione di eliminazione dalle relazioni con chiave esterna in SQL 2008?
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20-08-2019 - |
Domanda
È possibile tramite script / strumento generare un'istruzione delete basata sulle relazioni fk delle tabelle.
vale a dire. Ho la tabella: DelMe (ID) e ci sono 30 tabelle con riferimenti fk al suo ID che devo eliminare prima, c'è qualche strumento / script che posso eseguire che genererà le 30 istruzioni di eliminazione in base alle relazioni FK per io?
(a proposito di cancellazione a cascata sulle relazioni, non posso usarla in questo db esistente)
Sto utilizzando Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Soluzione
Istruzioni DELETE generate per l'uso in SP con parametro e come trigger ON DELETE: (questa variante supporta solo FK a colonna singola)
SELECT 'DELETE '+detail.name+' WHERE '+dcolumn.name+' = @'+mcolumn.name AS stmt,
'DELETE ' + detail.name + ' FROM ' + detail.name + ' INNER JOIN deleted ON ' +
detail.name + '.' + dcolumn.name + ' = deleted.' + mcolumn.name AS trg
FROM sys.columns AS mcolumn
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns ON mcolumn.object_id =
sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_object_id
AND mcolumn.column_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS master ON mcolumn.object_id = master.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS dcolumn
ON sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id = dcolumn.object_id
AND sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id = dcolumn.column_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS detail ON dcolumn.object_id = detail.object_id
WHERE (master.name = N'MyTableName')
Altri suggerimenti
Ecco uno script per l'eliminazione a cascata di Aasim Abdullah , funziona per me su MS SQL Server 2008:
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.udfGetFullQualName') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.udfGetFullQualName;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udfGetFullQualName
(@ObjectId INT)
RETURNS VARCHAR (300)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @schema_id AS BIGINT;
SELECT @schema_id = schema_id
FROM sys.tables
WHERE object_id = @ObjectId;
RETURN '[' + SCHEMA_NAME(@schema_id) + '].[' + OBJECT_NAME(@ObjectId) + ']';
END
GO
--============ Supporting Function dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause
(@fkNameId INT)
RETURNS VARCHAR (1000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @OnClauseTemplate AS VARCHAR (1000);
SET @OnClauseTemplate = '[<@pTable>].[<@pCol>] = [<@cTable>].[<@cCol>] AND ';
DECLARE @str AS VARCHAR (1000);
SET @str = '';
SELECT @str = @str + REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@OnClauseTemplate, '<@pTable>', OBJECT_NAME(rkeyid)), '<@pCol>', COL_NAME(rkeyid, rkey)), '<@cTable>', OBJECT_NAME(fkeyid)), '<@cCol>', COL_NAME(fkeyid, fkey))
FROM dbo.sysforeignkeys AS fk
WHERE fk.constid = @fkNameId; --OBJECT_ID('FK_ProductArrearsMe_ProductArrears')
RETURN LEFT(@str, LEN(@str) - LEN(' AND '));
END
GO
--=========== CASECADE DELETE STORED PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.uspCascadeDelete') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId VARCHAR (300), @WhereClause VARCHAR (2000), @ExecuteDelete CHAR (1)='N', --'N' IF YOU NEED DELETE SCRIPT
@FromClause VARCHAR (8000)='', @Level INT=0 -- TABLE NAME OR OBJECT (TABLE) ID (Production.Location) WHERE CLAUSE (Location.LocationID = 7) 'Y' IF WANT TO DELETE DIRECTLY FROM SP, IF LEVEL 0, THEN KEEP DEFAULT
AS -- writen by Daniel Crowther 16 Dec 2004 - handles composite primary keys
SET NOCOUNT ON;
/* Set up debug */
DECLARE @DebugMsg AS VARCHAR (4000),
@DebugIndent AS VARCHAR (50);
SET @DebugIndent = REPLICATE('---', @@NESTLEVEL) + '> ';
IF ISNUMERIC(@ParentTableId) = 0
BEGIN -- assume owner is dbo and calculate id
IF CHARINDEX('.', @ParentTableId) = 0
SET @ParentTableId = OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[' + @ParentTableId + ']');
ELSE
SET @ParentTableId = OBJECT_ID(@ParentTableId);
END
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' **************************************************************************';
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** Cascade delete ALL data from ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId);
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** @ExecuteDelete = Y *** deleting data...';
ELSE
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** Cut and paste output into another window and execute ***';
END
DECLARE @CRLF AS CHAR (2);
SET @CRLF = CHAR(13) + CHAR(10);
DECLARE @strSQL AS VARCHAR (4000);
IF @Level = 0
SET @strSQL = 'SET NOCOUNT ON' + @CRLF;
ELSE
SET @strSQL = '';
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Level=' + CAST (@@NESTLEVEL AS VARCHAR) + '''';
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
DECLARE curs_children CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY
FOR SELECT DISTINCT constid AS fkNameId, -- constraint name
fkeyid AS cTableId
FROM dbo.sysforeignkeys AS fk
WHERE fk.rkeyid <> fk.fkeyid -- WE DO NOT HANDLE self referencing tables!!!
AND fk.rkeyid = @ParentTableId;
OPEN curs_children;
DECLARE @fkNameId AS INT,
@cTableId AS INT,
@cColId AS INT,
@pTableId AS INT,
@pColId AS INT;
FETCH NEXT FROM curs_children INTO @fkNameId, @cTableId; --, @cColId, @pTableId, @pColId
DECLARE @strFromClause AS VARCHAR (1000);
DECLARE @nLevel AS INT;
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
SET @FromClause = 'FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId);
END
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SELECT @strFromClause = @FromClause + @CRLF + ' INNER JOIN ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + @CRLF + ' ON ' + dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause(@fkNameId);
SET @nLevel = @Level + 1;
EXECUTE dbo.uspCascadeDelete @ParentTableId = @cTableId, @WhereClause = @WhereClause, @ExecuteDelete = @ExecuteDelete, @FromClause = @strFromClause, @Level = @nLevel;
SET @strSQL = 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + @CRLF + @strFromClause + @CRLF + 'WHERE ' + @WhereClause + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''---' + @DebugIndent + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + ' Rows Deleted: '' + CAST(@@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR)' + @CRLF + @CRLF;
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
FETCH NEXT FROM curs_children INTO @fkNameId, @cTableId;
--, @cColId, @pTableId, @pColId
END
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
SET @strSQL = @CRLF + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Level=' + CAST (@@NESTLEVEL AS VARCHAR) + ' TOP LEVEL PARENT TABLE''' + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' WHERE ' + @WhereClause + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Rows Deleted: '' + CAST(@@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR)' + @CRLF;
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
END
CLOSE curs_children;
DEALLOCATE curs_children;
Esempio di utilizzo 1
Nota l'uso nell'esempio del nome di colonna completo. È sottile ma è necessario specificare il nome della tabella per l'esecuzione corretta dell'SQL generato.
EXEC uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'Production.Location',
@WhereClause = 'Location.LocationID = 2'
Esempio di utilizzo 2
EXEC uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'dbo.brand',
@WhereClause = 'brand.brand_name <> ''Apple'''
Esempio di utilizzo 3
exec uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'dbo.product_type',
@WhereClause = 'product_type.product_type_id NOT IN
(SELECT bpt.product_type_id FROM dbo.brand_product_type bpt)'
Sono abbastanza sicuro di aver pubblicato il codice qui su Stack Overflow che lo fa automaticamente usando INFORMATION_SCHEMA
per generare SQL dinamico, ma non riesco a trovarlo. Fammi vedere se riesco a rigenerarlo.
Potrebbe essere necessario verificarlo un po ', non sono riuscito a trovare il mio codice originale, quindi ho modificato un codice che avevo che costruisce automaticamente le viste piatte per gli schemi a stella.
DECLARE @COLUMN_NAME AS sysname
DECLARE @TABLE_NAME AS sysname
DECLARE @IDValue AS int
SET @COLUMN_NAME = '<Your COLUMN_NAME here>'
SET @TABLE_NAME = '<Your TABLE_NAME here>'
SET @IDValue = 123456789
DECLARE @sql AS varchar(max) ;
WITH RELATED_COLUMNS
AS (
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'
+ QUOTENAME(c.TABLE_NAME) AS [OBJECT_NAME]
,c.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS c WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS t WITH (NOLOCK)
ON c.TABLE_CATALOG = t.TABLE_CATALOG
AND c.TABLE_SCHEMA = t.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND c.TABLE_NAME = t.TABLE_NAME
AND t.TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
INNER JOIN (
SELECT rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
,rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
,lkc.TABLE_NAME
,lkc.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE lkc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON lkc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND lkc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND lkc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS tc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = tc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = tc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE rkc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON rkc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = tc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND rkc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = tc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND rkc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE rkc.COLUMN_NAME = @COLUMN_NAME
AND rkc.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
) AS j
ON j.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = c.TABLE_CATALOG
AND j.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND j.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
AND j.COLUMN_NAME = c.COLUMN_NAME
)
SELECT @sql = COALESCE(@sql, '') + 'DELETE FROM ' + [OBJECT_NAME]
+ ' WHERE ' + [COLUMN_NAME] + ' = ' + CONVERT(varchar, @IDValue)
+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
FROM RELATED_COLUMNS
PRINT @sql
Un'altra tecnica è quella di utilizzare un generatore di codice per creare il SQL. Sono abbastanza sicuro che MyGeneration (nessuna connessione) ha modelli esistenti per farlo. Usando quello strumento e il modello giusto puoi creare uno script sql che elimina le cose rilevanti senza alcun dolore.
Sfortunatamente, penso che il in cascata sia lo strumento che stai chiedendo. Capisco di non essere in grado di usarlo, ma il fatto che esista come parte incorporata del db ha praticamente eliminato la necessità di un'alternativa.