... 7 hours later ...
It's a bug that occurs when you use newer versions of jQuery with dataTables. Apparently the returned selection is now ordered by DOM occurence and not by the order of the elements in the array which is returned by the _fnGetTrNodes function anymore.
The sample for using a custom afnSortData function in the dataTables documentation is outdated and doesn't work with newer jQuery versions.
Working version looks like this:
jQuery.fn.dataTableExt.afnSortData['numeric-data-attribut'] = function ( oSettings, iColumn )
{
return jQuery.map( oSettings.oApi._fnGetTrNodes(oSettings), function (tr) {
var v = jQuery( 'td:eq('+iColumn+')', tr);
return parseInt( jQuery(v).attr('data-sort-count'), 10 );
} );
};