No, there is not.
Even ignoring the practical problems (requiring multi-pass compilation, ease of making undecidable return types via mutually recursive type definitions, difficulty in isolating source of compilation errors when everything resolves, etc), and the design issues (that forward declaration is nearly useless), C++11 was designed with ease of implementation in mind. Things that made it harder to write a compiler needed strong justification.
The myriad restrictions on auto
mean that it was really easy to slide it into existing compilers: it is among the most supported C++11 features in my experience. C++14 relaxes many of the restrictions, but does not go nearly as far as you describe. Each relaxation requires justification and confidence that it will be worth the cost to compiler writers to implement.
I would not even want that feature at this time, as I like the signatures of my functions to be deducible at the point I call them, at the very least.