This is possible on specific devices, with very heavy fragmentation.
See:
- https://github.com/cjhuo/Android-Samsung-Ble-APIs-Bluez for Samsung devices with Android 4.1 e.g. some Galaxy S3 with original OS version.
- http://developer.samsung.com/ble for Samsung devices with Android 4.2 (e.g. Galaxy S4 with original OS version)
- https://www.htcdev.com/devcenter/opensense-sdk/bluetooth-smart/htc-ble-installation/ for HTC devices with Android 4.x
There may be more for other vendors...
I would advise sticking with Android 4.3 as much as possible, using the specific SDKs below 4.3 is a mess.