You have 2 options. You can either call it normally which is exactly the same as the code you provided above, or you can all it in noConflict mode which is simply like this:
JHtml::_('jquery.framework');
This code should be place in the template's index.php file and can be placed anywhere as it will automatically be appended to the <head>
tags of your template. As this is PHP code, it of course needs to go inside <?php ?>
tags.