No, it's not possible, mainly because each HTTP API has its own "format" so there's no easy way to create a tool that can be compatible with all existing APIs to provide a standard interface like Eloquent does.
What you can do however is create an extension that would interact with the API and provide the same methods that Eloquent does.
If you need libraries for consuming an API, you can try Guzzle or Httpful, both installable via Composer.