たいのですがシャッフルのラインテキストファイルのUnixコマンドラインまたはシェルスクリプト?

Question

たいシャッフルのラインテキストファイルをランダムに新しいファイルです。ファイルの場合において何千ものです。

する方法を教えてくださいる cat, awk, cut, などが有ります。

Answer 1

利用できる shuf.システムによっては少なくともなされるのはPOSIX).

としてjleedev可能性が指摘され sort -R として提供するものであり、オプションになります。システムによっては少なくとも;を、まるで写ります。 で指摘されてい その sort -R いんとシャッフルではなく並べ替え項目に応じてハッシュ値です。

^{[編集部注： sort -R ほとんど shufflesことを除いて、 複製 ライン/ソートキーも 隣.言い換えればのみ 独自の 入力ライン/キーで真の選択することができますがその出力は ハッシュ値, の乱数の発生源からの選択をランダムハッシュ 機能 見 マニュアル.]}

Answer 2

Perlのワンライナーは、マキシムのソリューション

の簡易版になります

perl -MList::Util=shuffle -e 'print shuffle(<STDIN>);' < myfile

Answer 3

This answer complements the many great existing answers in the following ways:

• The existing answers are packaged into flexible shell functions:

  • The functions take not only stdin input, but alternatively also filename arguments
  • The functions take extra steps to handle SIGPIPE in the usual way (quiet termination with exit code 141), as opposed to breaking noisily. This is important when piping the function output to a pipe that is closed early, such as when piping to head.

• A performance comparison is made.

---

• POSIX-compliant function based on awk, sort, and cut, adapted from the OP's own answer:

shuf() { awk 'BEGIN {srand(); OFMT="%.17f"} {print rand(), $0}' "$@" |
               sort -k1,1n | cut -d ' ' -f2-; }

• Perl-based function - adapted from Moonyoung Kang's answer:

shuf() { perl -MList::Util=shuffle -e 'print shuffle(<>);' "$@"; }

• Python-based function, adapted from scai's answer:

shuf() { python -c '
import sys, random, fileinput; from signal import signal, SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL;    
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL); lines=[line for line in fileinput.input()];   
random.shuffle(lines); sys.stdout.write("".join(lines))
' "$@"; }

• Ruby-based function, adapted from hoffmanc's answer:

shuf() { ruby -e 'Signal.trap("SIGPIPE", "SYSTEM_DEFAULT");
                     puts ARGF.readlines.shuffle' "$@"; }

---

Performance comparison:

Note: These numbers were obtained on a late-2012 iMac with 3.2 GHz Intel Core i5 and a Fusion Drive, running OSX 10.10.3. While timings will vary with OS used, machine specs, awk implementation used (e.g., the BSD awk version used on OSX is usually slower than GNU awk and especially mawk), this should provide a general sense of relative performance.

Input file is a 1-million-lines file produced with seq -f 'line %.0f' 1000000.
Times are listed in ascending order (fastest first):

• shuf
  • 0.090s
• Ruby 2.0.0
  • 0.289s
• Perl 5.18.2
  • 0.589s
• Python
  • 1.342s with Python 2.7.6; 2.407s(!) with Python 3.4.2
• awk + sort + cut
  • 3.003s with BSD awk; 2.388s with GNU awk (4.1.1); 1.811s with mawk (1.3.4);

For further comparison, the solutions not packaged as functions above:

• sort -R (not a true shuffle if there are duplicate input lines)
  • 10.661s - allocating more memory doesn't seem to make a difference
• Scala
  • 24.229s
• bash loops + sort
  • 32.593s

Conclusions:

• Use shuf, if you can - it's the fastest by far.
• Ruby does well, followed by Perl.
• Python is noticeably slower than Ruby and Perl, and, comparing Python versions, 2.7.6 is quite a bit faster than 3.4.1
• Use the POSIX-compliant awk + sort + cut combo as a last resort; which awk implementation you use matters (mawk is faster than GNU awk, BSD awk is slowest).
• Stay away from sort -R, bash loops, and Scala.

Answer 4

I use a tiny perl script, which I call "unsort":

#!/usr/bin/perl
use List::Util 'shuffle';
@list = <STDIN>;
print shuffle(@list);

I've also got a NULL-delimited version, called "unsort0" ... handy for use with find -print0 and so on.

PS: Voted up 'shuf' too, I had no idea that was there in coreutils these days ... the above may still be useful if your systems doesn't have 'shuf'.

Answer 5

Here is a first try that's easy on the coder but hard on the CPU which prepends a random number to each line, sorts them and then strips the random number from each line. In effect, the lines are sorted randomly:

cat myfile | awk 'BEGIN{srand();}{print rand()"\t"$0}' | sort -k1 -n | cut -f2- > myfile.shuffled

Answer 6

here's an awk script

awk 'BEGIN{srand() }
{ lines[++d]=$0 }
END{
    while (1){
    if (e==d) {break}
        RANDOM = int(1 + rand() * d)
        if ( RANDOM in lines  ){
            print lines[RANDOM]
            delete lines[RANDOM]
            ++e
        }
    }
}' file

output

$ cat file
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

$ ./shell.sh
7
5
10
9
6
8
2
1
3
4

Answer 7

A one-liner for python:

python -c "import random, sys; lines = open(sys.argv[1]).readlines(); random.shuffle(lines); print ''.join(lines)," myFile

And for printing just a single random line:

python -c "import random, sys; print random.choice(open(sys.argv[1]).readlines())," myFile

But see this post for the drawbacks of python's random.shuffle(). It won't work well with many (more than 2080) elements.

Answer 8

Simple awk-based function will do the job:

shuffle() { 
    awk 'BEGIN{srand();} {printf "%06d %s\n", rand()*1000000, $0;}' | sort -n | cut -c8-
}

usage:

any_command | shuffle

This should work on almost any UNIX. Tested on Linux, Solaris and HP-UX.

Update:

Note, that leading zeros (%06d) and rand() multiplication makes it to work properly also on systems where sort does not understand numbers. It can be sorted via lexicographical order (a.k.a. normal string compare).

Answer 9

Ruby FTW:

ls | ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.shuffle'

Answer 10

One liner for Python based on scai's answer, but a) takes stdin, b) makes the result repeatable with seed, c) picks out only 200 of all lines.

$ cat file | python -c "import random, sys; 
  random.seed(100); print ''.join(random.sample(sys.stdin.readlines(), 200))," \
  > 200lines.txt

Answer 11

A simple and intuitive way would be to use shuf.

Example:

Assume words.txt as:

the
an
linux
ubuntu
life
good
breeze

To shuffle the lines, do:

$ shuf words.txt

which would throws the shuffled lines to standard output; So, you've to pipe it to an output file like:

$ shuf words.txt > shuffled_words.txt

One such shuffle run could yield:

breeze
the
linux
an
ubuntu
good
life

Answer 12

We have a package to do the very job:

sudo apt-get install randomize-lines

Example:

Create an ordered list of numbers, and save it to 1000.txt:

seq 1000 > 1000.txt

to shuffle it, simply use

rl 1000.txt

Answer 13

This is a python script that I saved as rand.py in my home folder:

#!/bin/python

import sys
import random

if __name__ == '__main__':
  with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
    flist = f.readlines()
    random.shuffle(flist)

    for line in flist:
      print line.strip()

On Mac OSX sort -R and shuf are not available so you can alias this in your bash_profile as:

alias shuf='python rand.py'

Answer 14

If like me you came here to look for an alternate to shuf for macOS then use randomize-lines.

Install randomize-lines(homebrew) package, which has an rl command which has similar functionality to shuf.

brew install randomize-lines

Usage: rl [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Randomize the lines of a file (or stdin).

  -c, --count=N  select N lines from the file
  -r, --reselect lines may be selected multiple times
  -o, --output=FILE
                 send output to file
  -d, --delimiter=DELIM
                 specify line delimiter (one character)
  -0, --null     set line delimiter to null character
                 (useful with find -print0)
  -n, --line-number
                 print line number with output lines
  -q, --quiet, --silent
                 do not output any errors or warnings
  -h, --help     display this help and exit
  -V, --version  output version information and exit

Answer 15

If you have Scala installed, here's a one-liner to shuffle the input:

ls -1 | scala -e 'for (l <- util.Random.shuffle(io.Source.stdin.getLines.toList)) println(l)'

Answer 16

This bash function has the minimal dependency(only sort and bash):

shuf() {
while read -r x;do
    echo $RANDOM$'\x1f'$x
done | sort |
while IFS=$'\x1f' read -r x y;do
    echo $y
done
}

Answer 17

In windows You may try this batch file to help you to shuffle your data.txt, The usage of the batch code is

C:\> type list.txt | shuffle.bat > maclist_temp.txt

After issuing this command, maclist_temp.txt will contain a randomized list of lines.

Hope this helps.

Answer 18

Not mentioned as of yet:

1. The unsort util. Syntax (somewhat playlist oriented):

   unsort [-hvrpncmMsz0l] [--help] [--version] [--random] [--heuristic]
          [--identity] [--filenames[=profile]] [--separator sep] [--concatenate] 
          [--merge] [--merge-random] [--seed integer] [--zero-terminated] [--null] 
          [--linefeed] [file ...]
   

2. msort can shuffle by line, but it's usually overkill:

   seq 10 | msort -jq -b -l -n 1 -c r
   

Answer 19

Another awk variant:

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
# usage:
# awk -f randomize_lines.awk lines.txt
# usage after "chmod +x randomize_lines.awk":
# randomize_lines.awk lines.txt

BEGIN {
  FS = "\n";
  srand();
}

{
  lines[ rand()] = $0;
}

END {
  for( k in lines ){
    print lines[k];
  }
}