You could do it by implementing hook_url_outbound_alter(), and hook_url_inbound_alter().
With the first hook, you alter the links that are being output from Drupal; you would increase the value of $options['query']['page']
.
With the second hook, you alter the links being received from Drupal; you should find the '?page='
string in the URL, and decrease the number after that string.
Keep in mind that $_GET['page']
can be a string like '1,2,4,5,6'
if the page has more than one pager. See the code of pager_find_page().
Also, hook_url_outbound_alter()
receive the query parameters in $options
, while hook_url_inbound_alter()
receives just a string for the URL, which also contains the query part.