The HOG person detector in OpenCV is really simple to implement and performs fairly acceptably when your person is upright, reasonable sized, and fairly unoccluded. It's definitely worth a look if you're just looking for something simple. There's also a GPU implementation available which is pretty quick.
There's example code for the CPU version in the sample peopledetect
which comes with OpenCV.
The other traditional approach would be to use a type of Viola-Jones cascade, OpenCV comes with a number of cascades trained for your use, one of which is an upperbody detector, another is a fullbody detector. There's an example of using these in the OpenCV tutorials here.