Java が SSL/HTTPS 接続に信頼できない証明書を使用できるようにする
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1201048
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私は動的 Web アプリケーションから情報を抽出するプログラムに取り組んでいますが、Tomcat サーバーが自己署名 (したがって信頼できない) 証明書を使用して SSL を使用するように設定するまでは、プログラムは正常に動作していました。エラーのスタック トレースは次のとおりです。
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
Error: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:150)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1584)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:174)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:168)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:848)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:106)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:495)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:433)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:877)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1089)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1116)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1100)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(HttpsClient.java:402)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:170)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getOutputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:857)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getOutputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:230)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.URLReader$PostURL.setupURL(URLReader.java:34)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.URLReader.getLogin(URLReader.java:227)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.URLReader.testLogin(URLReader.java:436)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.Controller.loginMenu(Controller.java:384)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.Controller.menu(Controller.java:324)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.Controller.<init>(Controller.java:49)
at com.certicom.gls.glscs.nongui.Controller.main(Controller.java:61)
Web ブラウザでは、信頼できない証明書を使用して HTTPS サイトにアクセスすると、ユーザーに警告が表示され、続行する場合は例外を作成するよう求められます。コマンドラインアプリケーションに同様の機能を実装したいと考えています...私は、ソケット プログラミングとネットワーク全般については初心者であることを認めます。この問題を解決するためのアドバイスがあれば幸いです。
解決
ここ 関連するコードです:
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (Exception e) {
}
// Now you can access an https URL without having the certificate in the truststore
try {
URL url = new URL("https://hostname/index.html");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
これにより、SSL チェックが完全に無効になります。このようなコードから例外処理を学ばないでください。
望むことを行うには、ユーザーにプロンプトを表示するチェックを TrustManager に実装する必要があります。
他のヒント
こちらのコードに従うと、便利なソリューションが得られます。キーストアなどはありません。サービスとポートを（SOAPで）初期化する前にメソッドSSLUtilities.trustAllHttpsCertificates（）を呼び出すだけです。
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
/**
* This class provide various static methods that relax X509 certificate and
* hostname verification while using the SSL over the HTTP protocol.
*
* @author Jiramot.info
*/
public final class SSLUtilities {
/**
* Hostname verifier for the Sun's deprecated API.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_hostnameVerifier}.
*/
private static com.sun.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier __hostnameVerifier;
/**
* Thrust managers for the Sun's deprecated API.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustManagers}.
*/
private static com.sun.net.ssl.TrustManager[] __trustManagers;
/**
* Hostname verifier.
*/
private static HostnameVerifier _hostnameVerifier;
/**
* Thrust managers.
*/
private static TrustManager[] _trustManagers;
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames. This method uses the old deprecated API from the
* com.sun.ssl package.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustAllHostnames()}.
*/
private static void __trustAllHostnames() {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if (__hostnameVerifier == null) {
__hostnameVerifier = new SSLUtilities._FakeHostnameVerifier();
} // if
// Install the all-trusting host name verifier
com.sun.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection
.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(__hostnameVerifier);
} // __trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones. This method uses the
* old deprecated API from the com.sun.ssl package.
*
* @deprecated see {@link #_trustAllHttpsCertificates()}.
*/
private static void __trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
com.sun.net.ssl.SSLContext context;
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if (__trustManagers == null) {
__trustManagers = new com.sun.net.ssl.TrustManager[]{new SSLUtilities._FakeX509TrustManager()};
} // if
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
try {
context = com.sun.net.ssl.SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
context.init(null, __trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) {
throw new IllegalStateException(gse.getMessage());
} // catch
com.sun.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(context
.getSocketFactory());
} // __trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Return true if the protocol handler property java. protocol.handler.pkgs
* is set to the Sun's com.sun.net.ssl. internal.www.protocol deprecated
* one, false otherwise.
*
* @return true if the protocol handler property is set to the Sun's
* deprecated one, false otherwise.
*/
private static boolean isDeprecatedSSLProtocol() {
return ("com.sun.net.ssl.internal.www.protocol".equals(System
.getProperty("java.protocol.handler.pkgs")));
} // isDeprecatedSSLProtocol
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames.
*/
private static void _trustAllHostnames() {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if (_hostnameVerifier == null) {
_hostnameVerifier = new SSLUtilities.FakeHostnameVerifier();
} // if
// Install the all-trusting host name verifier:
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(_hostnameVerifier);
} // _trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones.
*/
private static void _trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
SSLContext context;
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
if (_trustManagers == null) {
_trustManagers = new TrustManager[]{new SSLUtilities.FakeX509TrustManager()};
} // if
// Install the all-trusting trust manager:
try {
context = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
context.init(null, _trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) {
throw new IllegalStateException(gse.getMessage());
} // catch
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(context
.getSocketFactory());
} // _trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* Set the default Hostname Verifier to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all hostnames.
*/
public static void trustAllHostnames() {
// Is the deprecated protocol setted?
if (isDeprecatedSSLProtocol()) {
__trustAllHostnames();
} else {
_trustAllHostnames();
} // else
} // trustAllHostnames
/**
* Set the default X509 Trust Manager to an instance of a fake class that
* trust all certificates, even the self-signed ones.
*/
public static void trustAllHttpsCertificates() {
// Is the deprecated protocol setted?
if (isDeprecatedSSLProtocol()) {
__trustAllHttpsCertificates();
} else {
_trustAllHttpsCertificates();
} // else
} // trustAllHttpsCertificates
/**
* This class implements a fake hostname verificator, trusting any host
* name. This class uses the old deprecated API from the com.sun. ssl
* package.
*
* @author Jiramot.info
*
* @deprecated see {@link SSLUtilities.FakeHostnameVerifier}.
*/
public static class _FakeHostnameVerifier implements
com.sun.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier {
/**
* Always return true, indicating that the host name is an acceptable
* match with the server's authentication scheme.
*
* @param hostname the host name.
* @param session the SSL session used on the connection to host.
* @return the true boolean value indicating the host name is trusted.
*/
public boolean verify(String hostname, String session) {
return (true);
} // verify
} // _FakeHostnameVerifier
/**
* This class allow any X509 certificates to be used to authenticate the
* remote side of a secure socket, including self-signed certificates. This
* class uses the old deprecated API from the com.sun.ssl package.
*
* @author Jiramot.info
*
* @deprecated see {@link SSLUtilities.FakeX509TrustManager}.
*/
public static class _FakeX509TrustManager implements
com.sun.net.ssl.X509TrustManager {
/**
* Empty array of certificate authority certificates.
*/
private static final X509Certificate[] _AcceptedIssuers = new X509Certificate[]{};
/**
* Always return true, trusting for client SSL chain peer certificate
* chain.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @return the true boolean value indicating the chain is trusted.
*/
public boolean isClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain) {
return (true);
} // checkClientTrusted
/**
* Always return true, trusting for server SSL chain peer certificate
* chain.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @return the true boolean value indicating the chain is trusted.
*/
public boolean isServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain) {
return (true);
} // checkServerTrusted
/**
* Return an empty array of certificate authority certificates which are
* trusted for authenticating peers.
*
* @return a empty array of issuer certificates.
*/
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return (_AcceptedIssuers);
} // getAcceptedIssuers
} // _FakeX509TrustManager
/**
* This class implements a fake hostname verificator, trusting any host
* name.
*
* @author Jiramot.info
*/
public static class FakeHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {
/**
* Always return true, indicating that the host name is an acceptable
* match with the server's authentication scheme.
*
* @param hostname the host name.
* @param session the SSL session used on the connection to host.
* @return the true boolean value indicating the host name is trusted.
*/
public boolean verify(String hostname, javax.net.ssl.SSLSession session) {
return (true);
} // verify
} // FakeHostnameVerifier
/**
* This class allow any X509 certificates to be used to authenticate the
* remote side of a secure socket, including self-signed certificates.
*
* @author Jiramot.info
*/
public static class FakeX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
/**
* Empty array of certificate authority certificates.
*/
private static final X509Certificate[] _AcceptedIssuers = new X509Certificate[]{};
/**
* Always trust for client SSL chain peer certificate chain with any
* authType authentication types.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @param authType the authentication type based on the client
* certificate.
*/
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {
} // checkClientTrusted
/**
* Always trust for server SSL chain peer certificate chain with any
* authType exchange algorithm types.
*
* @param chain the peer certificate chain.
* @param authType the key exchange algorithm used.
*/
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {
} // checkServerTrusted
/**
* Return an empty array of certificate authority certificates which are
* trusted for authenticating peers.
*
* @return a empty array of issuer certificates.
*/
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return (_AcceptedIssuers);
} // getAcceptedIssuers
} // FakeX509TrustManager
} // SSLUtilities
もう1つのオプションは、「。pem」を取得することです。 （特定のサーバー用の（公開鍵）ファイル、およびJREの「cacerts」の中心にローカルにインストールします。ファイルを作成すると、実行中のJVMのSSL構造全体を損なうことなく、他の不明な証明書サーバーからのダウンロードを有効にせずに、文句なしにそのサーバーからダウンロードできます...
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