How to multiply 2 columns?

Question

Use a subquery, or a CTE like this:

WITH CTE
AS
(
  SELECT
    Name,
    COUNT(*) Qty,
    Points = CASE Name
      WHEN 'Altruist' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Analytical' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Announcer' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Autobiographer' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Benefactor' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Caucus' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Citizen Patrol' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Cleanup' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Commentator' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Critic' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Custodian' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Disciplined' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Editor' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Excavator' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Informed' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Investor' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Mortarboard' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Nice Answer' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Nice Question' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Organizer' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Peer Pressure' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Popular Question' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Precognitive' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Promotor' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Proofreader' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Quorum' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Revival' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Scholar' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Self-Learner' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Student' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Suffrage' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Supporter' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Synonymizer' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Tag Editor' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Talkative' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Teacher' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Tumbleweed' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Vox Populi' THEN 5
      WHEN 'Archaeologist' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Beta' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Booster' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Civic Duty' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Constituent' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Convention' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Deputy' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Enlightened' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Enthusiast' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Epic' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Favorite Question' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Generalist' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Good Answer' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Good Question' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Guru' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Necromancer' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Notable Question' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Outspoken' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Pundit' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Research Assistant' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Reviewer' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Sportsmanship' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Strunk & White' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Taxonomist' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Tenacious' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Yearling' THEN 10
      WHEN 'Copy Editor' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Electorate' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Famous Question' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Fanatic' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Great Answer' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Great Question' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Legendary' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Marshal' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Populist' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Publicist' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Reversal' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Stellar Question' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Steward' THEN 20
      WHEN 'Unsung Hero' THEN 20
      ELSE 0
    END
  FROM Badges
  WHERE UserId = 1563422
  GROUP BY Name
  )
  SELECT *, QTY * Points AS Total
  FROM CTE;

Updated Demo on Data Explorer