I don't see a way to do it using the standard template language, but you can probably make a very simple plugin to help you here.
Your options:
A block tag that loads the entries for this week.
A conditional tag that is true is this calendar week is the same as the entry week. (so you can use it inside the calendar tag)
A tag that set variables for the start and end timestamps, so you can compare them with entries's time.
Good luck.