The max frame size needs to be set on the client too, and unfortunately it is hardcoded to 15 MB in cassandra-cli.
In general, it is much better to use paging and small messages than querying large amounts at once. You would have to significantly increase the timeout to be able to retrieve 1 GB of data and this would have other side effects.
Unfortunately cassandra-cli doesn't support retrieving part of a row. You can use cqlsh and use a paging CQL query or quickly write some python code using e.g. pycassa that would page through the columns.