Groovy Postbuild plugins use the groovy version included in Jenkins (1.8.9). You can't change it.
The problem is the same as the system script in Groovy Plugin.
If you need a newer version of groovy a workaround is to do your work in a build (like Groovy Plugin purpose). Write some informations in a text file. And Read it in Post build step to do what you want with jenkins context (create badge, add summary, etc.)
Note that you can access to build workspace in post build step with:
manager.build.project.getWorkspace()
Hope it helps.