You don't have a phpMyAdmin database: you have a MySQL database and you use phpMyAdmin as an administrative interface.
This distinction is important because with every relational database you can use SQL to insert/update records in your tables. That is exactly what phpMyAdmin does: under the hood it uses SQL to change the content of your tables.
Using SQL is a trivial thing changing thousands of records with a single statement, for example if the table is called atable
and the column is called acolumn
, you could do an update like this:
UPDATE `atable` SET `acolumn`=-3000 WHERE `acolumn`=0;
phpMyAdmin allows you to execute SQL code directly, but since it looks like this is the first time you try this, I strongly advise to make a backup first.