Easiest way to add a function to existing class
문제
I'm using the python's built-in shelve module to manage some simple dictionaries. The problem I'm having is I want to use with shelve.open(filename) as f:
, but when I try it claims DbfilenameShelf has no attribute __exit__
.
So, I'm guessing the easiest way to do this is to wrap it in another class and add an __exit__
function to that wrapper. I tried this:
class Wrapper(shelve.DbfilenameShelf):
def __exit__(self):
self.close()
def __init__(self, filename, writeback=False):
shelve.DbfilenameShelf.__init__(self, filename, flag='c', protocol=None, writeback=False)
But when I tried to instantiate the wrapper like so: wrapped = Wrapper(filename)
it tells me I'm giving it an invalid argument.
Error as requested:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
File "<input>", line 5, in __init__
File "C:\Python27\Lib\shelve.py", line 223, in __init__
Shelf.__init__(self, anydbm.open(filename, flag), protocol, writeback)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\anydbm.py", line 85, in open
return mod.open(file, flag, mode)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\dbhash.py", line 18, in open
return bsddb.hashopen(file, flag, mode)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\bsddb\__init__.py", line 364, in hashopen
d.open(file, db.DB_HASH, flags, mode)
DBInvalidArgError: (22, 'Invalid argument')
해결책
Don't subclass it. Python comes with a tool for automatically calling close()
, contextlib.closing
:
from contextlib import closing
with closing(shelve.open(filename)) as f:
# your 'with' block here
will automatically call the close()
method of the object returned by shelve.open(filename)
at the end of the with
block.
다른 팁
You're subclassing the wrong thing and missing an __enter__
method. You probably want this:
class contextShelf(shelve.shelve):
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_trace):
self.close()
Because you're adding methods, but not changing the __init__
signature or adding any extra steps there's no reason you need to redefine __init__
. The base class' __init__
will be called automatically.