문제
I have just finished my first diagram in Tikz. It looks as I wanted it to, but am unhappy with how I have 'coded' it:
\begin{tikzpicture}
[node distance=14mm,
item/.style={rounded corners,rectangle,
thick,
minimum width=20mm, minimum height=10mm}]
\node[item,draw=blue!50,fill=blue!20] (stack) {1394 Stack};
\node[item,left=of stack,draw=green!50,fill=green!20,yshift=-9mm] (app1) {Application};
\node[item,left=of stack,draw=green!50,fill=green!20,yshift=9mm] (app2) {Application};
\node[item,right=of stack,draw=orange!50,fill=orange!20] (ohci) {OHCI};
\node[item,right=of ohci,yshift=-15mm,draw=yellow!70,fill=yellow!35] (dev1) {Device};
\node[item,right=of ohci,yshift=0mm,draw=yellow!70,fill=yellow!35] (dev2) {Device};
\node[item,right=of ohci,yshift=15mm,draw=yellow!70,fill=yellow!35] (dev3) {Device};
\draw[thick] (app1) -- (stack)
(app2) -- (stack)
(stack) -- (ohci)
(ohci) -- (dev1)
(ohci) -- (dev2)
(ohci) -- (dev3);
\node[xshift=7mm,yshift=1mm] (topUser) at (app1.east |- dev3.north) {};
\node[xshift=7mm,yshift=-1mm,label=above left:User space] (botUser) at (app1.east |- dev1.south) {};
\draw[dashed] (topUser) -- (botUser);
\node[xshift=7mm,yshift=1mm] (topKern) at (stack.east |- dev3.north) {};
\node[xshift=7mm,yshift=-1mm,label=above left:Kernel space,
label=above right:Hardware\phantom{p}] (botKern) at (stack.east |- dev1.south) {};
\draw[dashed] (topKern) -- (botKern);
\end{tikzpicture}
The things which I am uncomfortable with are:
How I have manually moved the "Application" and "Device" nodes using yshift
to space them apart from one another; I am sure that there must be a more elegant way of producing a simple tree-like structure
The lines (topKern -- botKern
and topUser -- botUser
) going from the top of the picture to the bottom; these are manually aligned on the x-axis to be between two nodes using xshift=7mm
.
My use of \phantom{p}
to ensure the label "Hardware" has the same baseline as the other two labels.
해결책
To build a tree structure, consult pgfmanual.pdf
, Making Trees Grow.
For the lines, I would create nodes representing in the middle of two nodes, and then use the perpendicular coordinate system as you did. Also you can use current bounding box
to identify the "border".
To align baselines correctly, specify text height
and text depth
. In your case, for instance in the style every label
. But as you see, I did the labels as nodes below...
\begin{tikzpicture}[level distance=35mm,node distance=15mm,text height=1.5ex,text depth=0.25ex] \begin{scope}[every node/.style={rounded corners,rectangle,thick,minimum width=20mm, minimum height=10mm}] \begin{scope}[level 1/.style={sibling distance=19mm,nodes={fill=green!20,draw=green!50}}] \node[draw=blue!50,fill=blue!20] (stack) {1394 Stack} [grow=left] child {node (app2) {Application}} child {node (app1) {Application}}; \end{scope} \begin{scope}[level 1/.style={sibling distance=15mm,nodes={fill=yellow!70,draw=yellow!35}}] \node[right= of stack,draw=orange!50,fill=orange!20] (ohci) {OHCI} [grow=right] child {node {Device}} child {node {Device}} child {node {Device}}; \end{scope} \end{scope} \node[below=0mm of app1] (userspace) {User space}; \node at (userspace -| stack) (kernel) {Kernel}; \node at (userspace -| ohci) (hardware) {Hardware}; \path (app1) -- (stack) node[coordinate,midway] (between1) {}; \draw (ohci) -- (stack) node[coordinate,midway] (between2) {}; \draw[dashed] (current bounding box.north -| between1) -- (current bounding box.south -| between1); \draw[dashed] (current bounding box.north -| between2) -- (current bounding box.south -| between2); \end{tikzpicture}