I have found it. I updated the annotation by removing @Transient and adding in a @Column for the mapping. I also updated the code to take care of the passed name and removed defaultValue.
@Column(name = "TYP_CD", length = 1)
@Type(type = "data.model.base.StringValuedEnumType", parameters = {
@Parameter(name = "enumClass", value = "data.common.TypeEnum")})
private TypeEnum typeEnum;