The correct answer to the question "Is it possible to compile C code in Visual Studio 20xx without the MSVCRT runtime (or even C++ code)?" is to use the /MT option (Configuration Properties > C/C++ > Code Generation > Runtime Library=Multi-threaded (/MT)
). This creates an executable with no dependencies on any MSVCRTxx exactly as you wanted. As far as I know, that's all it does. It places no restrictions on anything you want to do - all the standard C library functions like memcpy still work. The only other difference is that the .EXE file is slightly larger. I've been making and distributing EXE files created like this from pure ANSI C code for years without any problems whatsoever using MSVC6, MSVC2005, MSVC2008 and MSVC2013.
As to the answer to the question with the qualifier "without static linking (/MT)", well, you can't.