From my understanding, you shouldn't need to change the installation location. When the SDK is installed, it should install to the default location (C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\Intuit\QUICKB~1\QBFC13.dll), but it also creates registry entries that let's Windows know the location for this file. It sounds like the installer didn't install or register properly.
On my development machine, I always have Copy Local set to False, as I set my Embed Interop Types to True. The Identity for the QBFC13Lib shows as {0CB030A6-7B72-42CE-B92A-849B4A4A2CFB}, so you may want to check the registry of the target computer to see if the library did get registered. I believe that it creates a registry key at HKLM\SOFTWARE\Classes\TypeLib{0CB030A6-7B72-42CE-B92A-849B4A4A2CFB}