Erro ao validar um arquivo XML com XSD

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3828924

26-09-2019
|

Pergunta

Estou tentando validar um arquivo XML com XSD, mas eu recebo um "Não foi possível encontrar informações de esquema para o elemento 'xxx'"Para cada elemento e atributo.

Meu código C# é:

public ReadeXmlFile(string FilePath)
{
    var settings = new XmlReaderSettings
    {
       IgnoreComments = true, 
       ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema,
       CheckCharacters=true,
       ValidationFlags= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings
    };
    settings.ValidationEventHandler += settings_ValidationEventHandler;
    var xsdReader = new XmlTextReader("KeyEmFileSchema.xsd");
    settings.Schemas.Add(null, xsdReader);

    using (var reader = XmlTextReader.Create(FilePath, settings))
    {
       while (reader.Read()){}
    }
}

void settings_ValidationEventHandler(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e)
{
     Debug.WriteLine(e.Severity + " - " + e.Message);
}

Meu arquivo xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<keyem description="test"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
>
  <layout type="keyboard" height="300" width="300">
    <groupp text="rad 1">
      <key color="Black" macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" text="Släck\nskärm"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2" icon="dfkhfkjsdhfkjdsf">
        <shift color="Blue"  macro="{ESC}1C{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Annan Skärm"/>
      </key>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
      <empty/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n4"/>
    </groupp>
    <group text="rad 2">
      <key color="Black" macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" text="Släck\nskärm"/>
      <group color ="Blue" text="test">
        <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
        <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2"/>
        <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
      </group>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2"/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
      <empty/>
      <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n4"/>
    </group>
  </layout>
</keyem>

Meu arquivo xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<xs:schema id="FileSchema"
    targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    xmlns:mstns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation xml:lang="sv-se">Definition av layout</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>

  <!--Definition av attribut-->
  <xs:attribute name="description" type="xs:string"/>
  <xs:attribute name="text"        type="xs:string"/>
  <xs:attribute name="height"      type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
  <xs:attribute name="width"       type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
  <xs:attribute name="type"        type="LayoutTypeSet" default="keyboard"/>
  <xs:attribute name="macro"       type="xs:string"/>
  <xs:attribute name="icon"        type="xs:base64Binary"/>
  <xs:attribute name="color"       type="ColorType"/>

  <!--Definition av attributgrupp-->
  <xs:attributeGroup name="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup">
    <xs:attribute ref="color" use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="macro" use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="text"  use="required"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="icon"  use="optional"/>
  </xs:attributeGroup>

  <!--Definition av root-->
  <xs:element name="keyem">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="layout" type="LayoutType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute ref="description" use="optional"/>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>

  <!--Definition av komplexa typer-->
  <xs:complexType name="GroupKeyType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="LayoutType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
    <xs:attribute ref="type"   use="required"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="height" use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="width"  use="optional"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="GroupType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="empty" type="EmptyType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
    <xs:attribute ref="text"  use="required"/>
    <xs:attribute ref="color" use="optional"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="EmptyType">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="empty"/>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="ShiftType">
    <xs:attributeGroup ref="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="KeyType">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="shift" type="ShiftType" minOccurs ="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
    </xs:sequence>
    <xs:attributeGroup ref="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup"/>
  </xs:complexType>


  <!--Definition av enkla typer-->
  <xs:simpleType      name="ColorType">
    <xs:restriction   base="xs:string">
      <!--Regex för att antingen matcha färg angivet på formen #rrggbb eller som är skriven i klarspråk, t.ex. "Green"-->
      <xs:pattern     value="\#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}|[a-zA-Z]+"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>

  <xs:simpleType      name="LayoutTypeSet">
    <xs:restriction   base="xs:string">
      <xs:enumeration value="keyboard"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="list"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:schema>

Solução

Se você definiu esquema no KeyEmFileSchema.xsd arquivo que você pode usar schemaLocation ao invés de noNamespaceSchemaLocation:

<keyem description="test"
      xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
      xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
>

que define o nome do arquivo (pode estar com o caminho, se necessário) onde a definição http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd pode ser encontrado e usado. Então você pode usar

XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings ();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.IgnoreWhitespace = true;
settings.IgnoreComments = true;
settings.ValidationFlags = XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation;

XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create (xmlFilePath, settings);

Se você quiser, você pode usar também ValidationEventHandler. Sem o manipulador, você receberá exceção com as informações sobre erros de validação.

ATUALIZADA: A propósito, depois de incluir xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd" e xsi:schemaLocation="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd KeyEmFileSchema.xsd" No elemento raiz do seu arquivo XML, você já será visto no Editor de texto do Visual Studio Os erros no seu arquivo XML:

Uso do atributo não declarado description dentro keyem elemento.
Uso de todos os atributos em layout elemento que também não é declarado.
Uso de groupp elemento em vez de group.

Atualizado 2: O requisito número 3: para substituir groupp para group está claro. Porque ninguém comentou minha resposta, suponho que alguém pergunte "o que há de errado com os atributos do arquivo XML?". Ok, eu tenho que comentar mais isso.

O problema em seu arquivo xsd é que você declara atributos como Não faz parte de alguns tipos simples, grupo de atributos ou atributos de algum elemento. Você acabou de declarar alguns atributos "independentes" e depois use lá por referência "ref". É em geral possível, mas dessa maneira exige o uso de qualificado atributos. Portanto, se você não fizer alterações no seu esquema, a versão fixa do seu arquivo XML estará seguindo

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<keyem xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
       a:description="test" xmlns:a="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
>
    <layout a:type="keyboard" a:height="300" a:width="300">
        <group a:text="rad 1">
            <key a:color="Black" a:macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Släck\nskärm"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n1"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n2" a:icon="dfkhfkjsdhfkjdsf">
                <shift a:color="Blue"  a:macro="{ESC}1C{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Annan Skärm"/>
            </key>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n3"/>
            <empty><empty/></empty>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n4"/>
        </group>
        <group a:text="rad 2">
            <key a:color="Black" a:macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Släck\nskärm"/>
            <group a:color ="Blue" a:text="test">
                <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n1"/>
                <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n2"/>
                <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n3"/>
            </group>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n1"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n2"/>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n3"/>
            <empty><empty/></empty>
            <key a:color="Gray"  a:macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" a:text="Skärm\n4"/>
        </group>

</layout>
</keyem>

Uma pequena observação: <empty> O elemento está errado definido em seu esquema, então para seguir o esquema, temos que usá -lo como <empty><empty/></empty>.

Outra versão de possíveis mudanças (que você provavelmente preferirá) é Para colocar todos os atributos na definição de elementos ou grupo de atributos. O uso de tipos simples no seu caso parece que eu não é necessário. Portanto, a versão fixa do esquema pode estar seguindo:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<xs:schema id="FileSchema"
    targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    xmlns:mstns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation xml:lang="sv-se">Definition av layout</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>

  <!--Definition av attributgrupp-->
  <xs:attributeGroup name="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup">
    <xs:attribute name="color" type="ColorType"/>
    <xs:attribute name="macro" type="xs:string"/>
    <xs:attribute name="text"  type="xs:string" use="required"/>
    <xs:attribute name="icon"  type="xs:base64Binary"/>
  </xs:attributeGroup>

  <!--Definition av root-->
  <xs:element name="keyem">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="layout" type="LayoutType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="description" type="xs:string"/>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>

  <!--Definition av komplexa typer-->
  <xs:complexType name="GroupKeyType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="LayoutType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
    <xs:attribute name="type"   type="LayoutTypeSet" use="required"/>
    <xs:attribute name="height" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
    <xs:attribute name="width"  type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="GroupType">
    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="group" type="GroupType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="key"   type="KeyType"   minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      <xs:element name="empty" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:choice>
    <xs:attribute name="text" type="xs:string" use="required" />
    <xs:attribute name="color" type="ColorType"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="ShiftType">
    <xs:attributeGroup ref="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="KeyType">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="shift" type="ShiftType" minOccurs ="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
    </xs:sequence>
    <xs:attributeGroup ref="ShiftKeyAttributeGroup"/>
  </xs:complexType>

  <!--Definition av enkla typer-->
  <xs:simpleType      name="ColorType">
    <xs:restriction   base="xs:string">
      <!--Regex för att antingen matcha färg angivet på formen #rrggbb eller som är skriven i klarspråk, t.ex. "Green"-->
      <xs:pattern     value="\#[0-9a-fA-F]{6}|[a-zA-Z]+"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>

  <xs:simpleType      name="LayoutTypeSet">
    <xs:restriction   base="xs:string">
      <xs:enumeration value="keyboard"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="list"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:schema>

Se salvarmos o novo esquema no arquivo KeyEmFileSchema1.xsd então KeyEmFileSchema.xml O arquivo pode ser quase o mesmo que você antes:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<keyem xmlns="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://tempuri.org/KeyEmFileSchema.xsd KeyEmFileSchema1.xsd"
       description="test"
>
    <layout type="keyboard" height="300" width="300">
        <group text="rad 1">
            <key color="Black" macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" text="Släck\nskärm"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2" icon="dfkhfkjsdhfkjdsf">
                <shift color="Blue"  macro="{ESC}1C{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Annan Skärm"/>
            </key>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
            <empty/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n4"/>
        </group>
        <group text="rad 2">
            <key color="Black" macro="{ESC}10{ESC}43{MOUSERESET}" text="Ordi-\nnarie"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}10{ESC}B0{MOUSERESET}" text="Släck\nskärm"/>
            <group color ="Blue" text="test">
                <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
                <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2"/>
                <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
            </group>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n1"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n2"/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n3"/>
            <empty/>
            <key color="Gray"  macro="{ESC}1B{ESC}81{MOUSERESET}" text="Skärm\n4"/>
        </group>

</layout>
</keyem>

Outras dicas

De acordo com o seu esquema, você tem um nó errado dentro do seu XML:

<groupp text="rad 1">

Apenas grupo ou elemento -chave pode ser inserido nesse nível.

Em relação ao seu problema específico, tente usar o próximo nó raiz dentro do seu arquivo de esquema:

<xs:schema id="FileSchema"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
...
</xs:schema>

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