I don't like leaving questions unanswered...
For the particular question raised ... http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/langCon_apex_loops_for_SOQL.htm
For Salesforce Object Query Language (SOQL) in general - which the select/from in square brackets is know as ... http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/soql_sosl/salesforce_soql_sosl.pdf
For the APEX Language in general, since that is the language that happens to look very C#-ish (more examples of question raised)... http://wiki.developerforce.com/page/Apex_Code:_The_World's_First_On-Demand_Programming_Language