On my system it's the folder /var/log/apache2/
, try
grep -i APACHE_LOG_DIR /etc/apache2/*
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf:ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
/etc/apache2/envvars:export APACHE_LOG_DIR=/var/log/apache2$SUFFIX
to find out where yours is. Or check the file /etc/apache2/envvars
where the variable is set.