AFAIK there is no "simple" way (here: a ready made lib with out of the box data packs) to do that stuff on Android.
As you say there is Nominatim but that service wasn't designed with mobile devices/offline ability in mind and needs a lot of ressources and isn't available as android package. There are just very few libs with offline ability and even less are available on Android.
If this is just a prototype, I highly recommend to use an external solution as OsmAnd or Navit and just invoke them externally. Othewise you can spend > 2 weeks to create a own solution that just can lookup for streetnames and works on mobile devices, but I guess that isn't the main goal of your research ;)