Use can use ItemContainerStyle of ListBox:
<Style x:Key="ListBoxItemStyle" TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="0"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Left"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Top"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Border x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" Visibility="{Binding Visibility}" >
<VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<VisualStateGroup x:Name="SelectionStates">
<VisualState x:Name="Unselected"/>
<VisualState x:Name="Selected">
<Storyboard>
<ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="Visibility" Storyboard.TargetName="testbutton">
<DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="Visible"/>
</ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</VisualState>
</VisualStateGroup>
</VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<StackPanel>
<ContentControl x:Name="ContentContainer" ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding ContentTemplate}" Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" VerticalContentAlignment="Center"/>
<Button x:Name="testbutton" Visibility="Collapsed" Width="200" Height="100" Content="Test button"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
And,
<ListBox Width="480" Background="DarkGray"
ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ListBoxItemStyle}"
ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Header}" TextAlignment="Center"/>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>