You can add a CRM filter parameter to your report, by adding a blank-value report parameter to your SSRS report.
The XML for the parameter would be like the following, considering you are working for example with the Account entity:
<ReportParameter Name="FilteredAccount">
<DataType>String</DataType>
<Nullable>true</Nullable>
<DefaultValue>
<Values>
<Value></Value>
</Values>
</DefaultValue>
<AllowBlank>true</AllowBlank>
<Prompt>FilteredAccount</Prompt>
<Hidden>true</Hidden>
</ReportParameter>
After you add this parameter, you will upload the report to CRM, and CRM will automatically create the parameter for you as SQL query (Value) and will load CRM filters. Any specific required filters could be saved to the report in CRM.
And note that this report parameter should be passed from SSRS to the stored procedure, which fetches the report filtered results.
You could also find details about CRM 2011 report pre-filtering parameter in this blog post http://carlwillis.blogspot.com/2012/01/pre-filtering-in-crm-2011-ssrs-reports.html