If you're looking to tackle it with XNA / MonoGame / ANX, the approach really depends on whether you're using the Reach profile or HighDef profile.
With the reach profile, I'd suggest:
- Creating a RenderTarget
- Clear the render target to the colour of the ball
- Draw the white stripe(s) on to the render target
- Draw the number onto the render target
- Create dynamically a (or use an existing) Sphere mesh
- Render the sphere mesh using the Basic effect and the rendertarget texture
With the high profile, it's a case writing a pixel shader that:
- takes a "white" texture, a "colour" texture, a colour and a "number" texture
- renders the white texture white
- renders the colour texture the supplied colour
- renders the numbers texture
(I'd suggest rendering the number texture using a similar technique to the Reach profile example. Rendering text is a pain so may as well take advantage of the inbuilt stuff where possible). There is an re-colouring example provided by the (former) XNA team at http://create.msdn.com