The following is based on David Fregoli's initial comment which I expanded to get the wanted shape and correct orientation. See this fiddle (Not intended to steal his answer, so feel free to accept his)
CSS
#container {
position: relative;
height: 150px;
}
bar {
position: relative;
width: 20px;
border: 1px solid #aaf;
background-color: #ddf;
margin-right: 1px;
float: left;
cursor: pointer;
}
JS
var baseheight = 5;
for ( var i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) {
var h = 5*Math.pow(2,i/2) + baseheight;
var offset = Math.ceil(150-h);
$('#container').append($('<bar>').css('height', h).css('top', offset));
}