It's technically possible to use Google+ Sign-In without data persistence. As an example, you can see client-side-only Google+ Sign-In features on the Is Too Cute demo site.
There are certain benefits to adding data persistence and managing your own set of users but there is still a ton of great functionality you can get without needing to implement a data store:
- Over-the-air Android installs
- Interactive Posts
- Personalize the site to the user
- Access Google APIs while the user is actively browsing your site.