Django 自定义表单 ImportError 即使文件位于同一目录中

Question

我正在努力通过 有效的 Django 教程系列。我目前在尝试创建要在应用程序中使用的自定义表单时遇到问题。我按照中的说明创建了 forms.py 文件 本教程的这一部分, ，并对我的views.py 文件进行了更改。我的目录结构如下所示：

(project root)
|
├── address.db
├── addressbook
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── __pycache__
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── static
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── wsgi.py
├── contacts
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── forms.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── templates
│   ├── tests.py
│   └── views.py
├── manage.py
└── requirements.txt

问题是，当我尝试加载该网站时，出现以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/lib/python3.3/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 101, in get_response
    resolver_match = resolver.resolve(request.path_info)
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/lib/python3.3/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 318, in resolve
    for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/lib/python3.3/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 346, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/lib/python3.3/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 341, in urlconf_module
    self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/lib/python3.3/importlib/__init__.py", line 90, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1586, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1567, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1534, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 586, in _check_name_wrapper
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1024, in load_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1005, in load_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 562, in module_for_loader_wrapper
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 870, in _load_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 313, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/addressbook/urls.py", line 4, in <module>
    import contacts.views
  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/contacts/views.py", line 5, in <module>
    import forms
ImportError: No module named 'forms'

第 5 行是views.py 中导入forms.py 文件的行。代码片段（带有几行缓冲区）是：

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import ListView, CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView, DetailView
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from contacts.models import Contact
import forms


class ListContactView(ListView):

    model = Contact
    template_name = 'contact_list.html'

从目录树中可以看到，forms.py 文件应该是可访问的。我不确定为什么会收到错误。有任何想法吗？

编辑1

我尝试将导入更改为 from forms import ContactForm 在最初发布之前。我仍然遇到同样的错误：

  File "/Users/wtodom/.virtualenvs/tutorial/contacts/views.py", line 5, in <module>
    from forms import ContactForm
ImportError: No module named 'forms'

Answer 1

据我所知，Python 3 中的导入系统发生了变化。只需更具体地说明您要导入的内容即可。我假设你想导入 forms.py 从 contacts 所以

from contacts import forms

或者你可以尝试

import .forms

Answer 2

这样做是正确的：

from forms import FormClassName

或者你可以

from forms import *

但这不是必需的。您必须从其他应用程序

from contacts.forms import FormClassName # or wildcard '*'

Answer 3

导入时，python搜索导入的目录是项目根目录，并且没有名为forms的模块。

因此，如果您想测试在项目根目录中创建一个名为 forms 的文件，它将导入它。

这样跟随肯定会起作用

from contacts.forms import FormClassName # or wildcard '*'