专家 R 用户,您的 .Rprofile 中有什么?[关闭]
-
19-09-2019 - |
解决方案
下面是我的。它不会帮助你的颜色,但我得到来自ESS和Emacs ...
options("width"=160) # wide display with multiple monitors
options("digits.secs"=3) # show sub-second time stamps
r <- getOption("repos") # hard code the US repo for CRAN
r["CRAN"] <- "http://cran.us.r-project.org"
options(repos = r)
rm(r)
## put something this is your .Rprofile to customize the defaults
setHook(packageEvent("grDevices", "onLoad"),
function(...) grDevices::X11.options(width=8, height=8,
xpos=0, pointsize=10,
#type="nbcairo")) # Cairo device
#type="cairo")) # other Cairo dev
type="xlib")) # old default
## from the AER book by Zeileis and Kleiber
options(prompt="R> ", digits=4, show.signif.stars=FALSE)
options("pdfviewer"="okular") # on Linux, use okular as the pdf viewer
其他提示
我不想键入完整词语“头”,“摘要”每一次,“姓名”,所以我使用的别名。
您可以把别名到您的.Rprofile文件,但你必须使用完整路径功能(例如utils的::头),否则将无法正常工作。
# aliases
s <- base::summary
h <- utils::head
n <- base::names
编辑:回答你的问题,你可以使用 colorout 包成在终端不同的颜色。凉! : - )
options(stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
虽然我实际上并不在我的.Rprofile,因为它可能会打破我的合作者的代码,我希望它是默认的。为什么呢?
1)字符向量使用较少的内存(但仅勉强);
2)更重要的是,我们要避免的问题,如:
> x <- factor(c("a","b","c"))
> x
[1] a b c
Levels: a b c
> x <- c(x, "d")
> x
[1] "1" "2" "3" "d"
和
> x <- factor(c("a","b","c"))
> x[1:2] <- c("c", "d")
Warning message:
In `[<-.factor`(`*tmp*`, 1:2, value = c("c", "d")) :
invalid factor level, NAs generated
因素是伟大的,当你需要的时候(例如实施以图表排序),但讨厌的大部分时间。
下面是我的。我总是使用主CRAN存储库,并有代码以使其易于源开发包的代码。
.First <- function() {
library(graphics)
options("repos" = c(CRAN = "http://cran.r-project.org/"))
options("device" = "quartz")
}
packages <- list(
"describedisplay" = "~/ggobi/describedisplay",
"linval" = "~/ggobi/linval",
"ggplot2" = "~/documents/ggplot/ggplot",
"qtpaint" = "~/documents/cranvas/qtpaint",
"tourr" = "~/documents/tour/tourr",
"tourrgui" = "~/documents/tour/tourr-gui",
"prodplot" = "~/documents/categorical-grammar"
)
l <- function(pkg) {
pkg <- tolower(deparse(substitute(pkg)))
if (is.null(packages[[pkg]])) {
path <- file.path("~/documents", pkg, pkg)
} else {
path <- packages[pkg]
}
source(file.path(path, "load.r"))
}
test <- function(path) {
path <- deparse(substitute(path))
source(file.path("~/documents", path, path, "test.r"))
}
我喜欢节省我的R指令的历史和每次它具有可用I运行R:
在所述壳或.bashrc中:
export R_HISTFILE=~/.Rhistory
在.Rprofile:
.Last <- function() {
if (!any(commandArgs()=='--no-readline') && interactive()){
require(utils)
try(savehistory(Sys.getenv("R_HISTFILE")))
}
}
下面是两个函数我找到得心应手的使用窗口。
在第一转换\
s到/
。
.repath <- function() {
cat('Paste windows file path and hit RETURN twice')
x <- scan(what = "")
xa <- gsub('\\\\', '/', x)
writeClipboard(paste(xa, collapse=" "))
cat('Here\'s your de-windowsified path. (It\'s also on the clipboard.)\n', xa, '\n')
}
在第二打开工作目录在新浏览器窗口。
getw <- function() {
suppressWarnings(shell(paste("explorer", gsub('/', '\\\\', getwd()))))
}
我有了这个,更动态的特技使用全端子宽度,它试图从COLUMNS环境变量(在Linux)来读取:
tryCatch(
{options(
width = as.integer(Sys.getenv("COLUMNS")))},
error = function(err) {
write("Can't get your terminal width. Put ``export COLUMNS'' in your \
.bashrc. Or something. Setting width to 120 chars",
stderr());
options(width=120)}
)
,即使你调整终端窗口这样R将使用全宽度。
我的大多数个人功能和加载库是在Rfunctions.r脚本
source("c:\\data\\rprojects\\functions\\Rfunctions.r")
.First <- function(){
cat("\n Rrrr! The statistics program for Pirates !\n\n")
}
.Last <- function(){
cat("\n Rrrr! Avast Ye, YO HO!\n\n")
}
#===============================================================
# Tinn-R: necessary packages
#===============================================================
library(utils)
necessary = c('svIDE', 'svIO', 'svSocket', 'R2HTML')
if(!all(necessary %in% installed.packages()[, 'Package']))
install.packages(c('SciViews', 'R2HTML'), dep = T)
options(IDE = 'C:/Tinn-R/bin/Tinn-R.exe')
options(use.DDE = T)
library(svIDE)
library(svIO)
library(svSocket)
library(R2HTML)
guiDDEInstall()
shell(paste("mkdir C:\\data\\rplots\\plottemp", gsub('-','',Sys.Date()), sep=""))
pldir <- paste("C:\\data\\rplots\\plottemp", gsub('-','',Sys.Date()), sep="")
plot.str <-c('savePlot(paste(pldir,script,"\\BeachSurveyFreq.pdf",sep=""),type="pdf")')
下面是从我的〜/ .Rprofile ,专为Mac和Linux。
这些使得错误更容易被看到。
options(showWarnCalls=T, showErrorCalls=T)
我讨厌CRAN菜单的选择,所以设定为一个很好的。
options(repos=c("http://cran.cnr.Berkeley.edu","http://cran.stat.ucla.edu"))
更多的历史!
Sys.setenv(R_HISTSIZE='100000')
以下是从终端在Mac OSX上运行(这是我非常喜欢到R.app,因为它更稳定,并且可以通过目录组织工作,也一定要得到一个良好的的〜/ .inputrc文件)。默认情况下,你会得到一个X11显示,这看起来并不好看;这个代替给出了石英显示相同GUI。该if
语句应赶上,当你从Mac系统的终端中运行R上的情况。
f = pipe("uname")
if (.Platform$GUI == "X11" && readLines(f)=="Darwin") {
# http://www.rforge.net/CarbonEL/
library("grDevices")
library("CarbonEL")
options(device='quartz')
Sys.unsetenv("DISPLAY")
}
close(f); rm(f)
和预紧几个库,
library(plyr)
library(stringr)
library(RColorBrewer)
if (file.exists("~/util.r")) {
source("~/util.r")
}
其中 util.r 是的东西的随机袋我使用下通量。
此外,因为其他人提控制台宽度,这里就是我如何做到这一点。
if ( (numcol <-Sys.getenv("COLUMNS")) != "") {
numcol = as.integer(numcol)
options(width= numcol - 1)
} else if (system("stty -a &>/dev/null") == 0) {
# mac specific? probably bad in the R GUI too.
numcol = as.integer(sub(".* ([0-9]+) column.*", "\\1", system("stty -a", intern=T)[1]))
if (numcol > 0)
options(width= numcol - 1 )
}
rm(numcol)
这实际上是不.Rprofile
因为你必须每次调整终端窗口时再运行它。我有它在util.r
然后我刚源它作为必要的。
下面是我的:
.First <- function () {
options(device="quartz")
}
.Last <- function () {
if (!any(commandArgs() == '--no-readline') && interactive()) {
require(utils)
try(savehistory(Sys.getenv("R_HISTFILE")))
}
}
# Slightly more flexible than as.Date
# my.as.Date("2009-01-01") == my.as.Date(2009, 1, 1) == as.Date("2009-01-01")
my.as.Date <- function (a, b=NULL, c=NULL, ...) {
if (class(a) != "character")
return (as.Date(sprintf("%d-%02d-%02d", a, b, c)))
else
return (as.Date(a))
}
# Some useful aliases
cd <- setwd
pwd <- getwd
lss <- dir
asd <- my.as.Date # examples: asd("2009-01-01") == asd(2009, 1, 1) == as.Date("2009-01-01")
last <- function (x, n=1, ...) tail(x, n=n, ...)
# Set proxy for all web requests
Sys.setenv(http_proxy="http://192.168.0.200:80/")
# Search RPATH for file <fn>. If found, return full path to it
search.path <- function(fn,
paths = strsplit(chartr("\\", "/", Sys.getenv("RPATH")), split =
switch(.Platform$OS.type, windows = ";", ":"))[[1]]) {
for(d in paths)
if (file.exists(f <- file.path(d, fn)))
return(f)
return(NULL)
}
# If loading in an environment that doesn't respect my RPATH environment
# variable, set it here
if (Sys.getenv("RPATH") == "") {
Sys.setenv(RPATH=file.path(path.expand("~"), "Library", "R", "source"))
}
# Load commonly used functions
if (interactive())
source(search.path("afazio.r"))
# If no R_HISTFILE environment variable, set default
if (Sys.getenv("R_HISTFILE") == "") {
Sys.setenv(R_HISTFILE=file.path("~", ".Rhistory"))
}
# Override q() to not save by default.
# Same as saying q("no")
q <- function (save="no", ...) {
quit(save=save, ...)
}
# ---------- My Environments ----------
#
# Rather than starting R from within different directories, I prefer to
# switch my "environment" easily with these functions. An "environment" is
# simply a directory that contains analysis of a particular topic.
# Example usage:
# > load.env("markets") # Load US equity markets analysis environment
# > # ... edit some .r files in my environment
# > reload() # Re-source .r/.R files in my environment
#
# On next startup of R, I will automatically be placed into the last
# environment I entered
# My current environment
.curr.env = NULL
# File contains name of the last environment I entered
.last.env.file = file.path(path.expand("~"), ".Rlastenv")
# Parent directory where all of my "environment"s are contained
.parent.env.dir = file.path(path.expand("~"), "Analysis")
# Create parent directory if it doesn't already exist
if (!file.exists(.parent.env.dir))
dir.create(.parent.env.dir)
load.env <- function (string, save=TRUE) {
# Load all .r/.R files in <.parent.env.dir>/<string>/
cd(file.path(.parent.env.dir, string))
for (file in lss()) {
if (substr(file, nchar(file)-1, nchar(file)+1) %in% c(".r", ".R"))
source(file)
}
.curr.env <<- string
# Save current environment name to file
if (save == TRUE) writeLines(.curr.env, .last.env.file)
# Let user know environment switch was successful
print (paste(" -- in ", string, " environment -- "))
}
# "reload" current environment.
reload <- resource <- function () {
if (!is.null(.curr.env))
load.env(.curr.env, save=FALSE)
else
print (" -- not in environment -- ")
}
# On startup, go straight to the environment I was last working in
if (interactive() && file.exists(.last.env.file)) {
load.env(readLines(.last.env.file))
}
sink(file = 'R.log', split=T)
options(scipen=5)
.ls.objects <- function (pos = 1, pattern, order.by = "Size", decreasing=TRUE, head = TRUE, n = 10) {
# based on postings by Petr Pikal and David Hinds to the r-help list in 2004
# modified by: Dirk Eddelbuettel (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1358003/tricks-to- manage-the-available-memory-in-an-r-session)
# I then gave it a few tweaks (show size as megabytes and use defaults that I like)
# a data frame of the objects and their associated storage needs.
napply <- function(names, fn) sapply(names, function(x)
fn(get(x, pos = pos)))
names <- ls(pos = pos, pattern = pattern)
obj.class <- napply(names, function(x) as.character(class(x))[1])
obj.mode <- napply(names, mode)
obj.type <- ifelse(is.na(obj.class), obj.mode, obj.class)
obj.size <- napply(names, object.size) / 10^6 # megabytes
obj.dim <- t(napply(names, function(x)
as.numeric(dim(x))[1:2]))
vec <- is.na(obj.dim)[, 1] & (obj.type != "function")
obj.dim[vec, 1] <- napply(names, length)[vec]
out <- data.frame(obj.type, obj.size, obj.dim)
names(out) <- c("Type", "Size", "Rows", "Columns")
out <- out[order(out[[order.by]], decreasing=decreasing), ]
if (head)
out <- head(out, n)
out
}
请data.frames显示有点像“头”,只,而不必键入“头”
print.data.frame <- function(df) {
if (nrow(df) > 10) {
base::print.data.frame(head(df, 5))
cat("----\n")
base::print.data.frame(tail(df, 5))
} else {
base::print.data.frame(df)
}
}
(来自如何使“头”被自动应用到输出?)
我经常调试调用链我需要打电话取消注释他们是很枯燥。随着 SO社区的帮助下,我去了以下解决方案,并插入到该我.Rprofile.site
。 # BROWSER
是有我的Eclipse的任务,使我有浏览器的概述在任务视图窗口调用。
# turn debugging on or off
# place "browser(expr = isTRUE(getOption("debug"))) # BROWSER" in your function
# and turn debugging on or off by bugon() or bugoff()
bugon <- function() options("debug" = TRUE)
bugoff <- function() options("debug" = FALSE) #pun intended
矿是不是太花哨:
# So the mac gui can find latex
Sys.setenv("PATH" = paste(Sys.getenv("PATH"),"/usr/texbin",sep=":"))
#Use last(x) instead of x[length(x)], works on matrices too
last <- function(x) { tail(x, n = 1) }
#For tikzDevice caching
options( tikzMetricsDictionary='/Users/cameron/.tikzMetricsDictionary' )
setwd("C://path//to//my//prefered//working//directory")
library("ggplot2")
library("RMySQL")
library("foreign")
answer <- readline("What database would you like to connect to? ")
con <- dbConnect(MySQL(),user="root",password="mypass", dbname=answer)
我做了很多工作,从MySQL数据库,所以连接马上是一大福音。我只希望有上市avaialble数据库,所以我就不用记住所有的名字不同的方式。
斯蒂芬·特纳的岗位上 .Rprofiles具有几个有用的别名和起动器的功能。
我觉得用他的HT和HH自己经常。
#ht==headtail, i.e., show the first and last 10 items of an object
ht <- function(d) rbind(head(d,10),tail(d,10))
# Show the first 5 rows and first 5 columns of a data frame or matrix
hh <- function(d) d[1:5,1:5]
这是我的,包括一些提到的想法。
您可能需要查看两件事:
- .set.width() / w() 将打印宽度更新为终端宽度之一。不幸的是,我没有找到一种方法可以在终端调整大小时自动执行此操作 - R 文档提到这是由一些 R 解释器完成的。
- 每次历史记录都会与时间戳和工作目录一起保存
.
.set.width <- function() {
cols <- as.integer(Sys.getenv("COLUMNS"))
if (is.na(cols) || cols > 10000 || cols < 10)
options(width=100)
options(width=cols)
}
.First <- function() {
options(digits.secs=3) # show sub-second time stamps
options(max.print=1000) # do not print more than 1000 lines
options("report" = c(CRAN="http://cran.at.r-project.org"))
options(prompt="R> ", digits=4, show.signif.stars=FALSE)
}
# aliases
w <- .set.width
.Last <- function() {
if (!any(commandArgs()=='--no-readline') && interactive()){
timestamp(,prefix=paste("##------ [",getwd(),"] ",sep=""))
try(savehistory("~/.Rhistory"))
}
}
我使用以下方法来获得cacheSweave(或pgfSweave)与RStudio“编译PDF”按钮工作:
library(cacheSweave)
assignInNamespace("RweaveLatex", cacheSweave::cacheSweaveDriver, "utils")
矿包括options(menu.graphics=FALSE)
因为我喜欢禁用/抑制tcltk为CRAN镜选择在弹出ř。
这是我的。没什么太创新的。关于为什么特定选择的思考:
- 我设置了默认值
stringsAsFactors
因为我发现每次阅读CSV时,都将其作为争论非常耗尽。也就是说,当我在没有 .Rprofile 的计算机上使用在我常用的计算机上编写的代码时,它已经给我带来了一些小烦恼。不过,我还是保留了它,因为与每天不设置它所造成的麻烦相比,它所造成的麻烦就显得微不足道了。 - 如果你不加载
utils
之前打包options(error=recover)
, ,当放置在interactive()
堵塞。 - 我用了
.db
对于我的保管箱设置而不是options(dropbox=...)
因为我在里面一直用它file.path
并且可以节省大量打字时间。领先的.
防止它出现ls()
.
无需再费周折:
if(interactive()) {
options(stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
options(max.print=50)
options(repos="http://cran.mirrors.hoobly.com")
}
.db <- "~/Dropbox"
# `=` <- function(...) stop("Assignment by = disabled, use <- instead")
options(BingMapsKey="blahblahblah") # Used by taRifx.geo::geocode()
.First <- function() {
if(interactive()) {
require(functional)
require(taRifx)
require(taRifx.geo)
require(ggplot2)
require(foreign)
require(R.utils)
require(stringr)
require(reshape2)
require(devtools)
require(codetools)
require(testthat)
require(utils)
options(error=recover)
}
}
下面是使用表导出到乳胶一小片段。它改变了所有的列名,以数学模式的许多报告我写的。我的.Rprofile的其余部分是非常标准的和以上主要覆盖。
# Puts $dollar signs in front and behind all column names col_{sub} -> $col_{sub}$
amscols<-function(x){
colnames(x) <- paste("$", colnames(x), "$", sep = "")
x
}
设置我的格子颜色主题我的个人资料。下面是另外两个调整我使用:
# Display working directory in the titlebar
# Note: This causes demo(graphics) to fail
utils::setWindowTitle(base::getwd())
utils::assignInNamespace("setwd",function(dir) {.Internal(setwd(dir));setWindowTitle(base::getwd())},"base")
# Don't print more than 1000 lines
options(max.print=2000)
我有一个环境变量R_USER_WORKSPACE指向我的包的顶级目录。在.Rprofile我定义一个函数devlib其设置的工作目录(这样的数据()的作品)和源在R子目录中的所有文件.R。这是很类似于哈德利的升()上述功能。
devlib <- function(pkg) {
setwd(file.path(Sys.getenv("R_USER_WORKSPACE", "."), deparse(substitute(pkg)), "dev"))
sapply(list.files("R", pattern=".r$", ignore.case=TRUE, full.names=TRUE), source)
invisible(NULL)
}
.First <- function() {
setwd(Sys.getenv("R_USER_WORKSPACE", "."))
options("repos" = c(CRAN = "http://mirrors.softliste.de/cran/", CRANextra="http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/pub/RWin"))
}
.Last <- function() update.packages(ask="graphics")