How to resolve all entity references in XML and create a new XML in C#?
Question
How can I resolve all entity references in the XHTML document and convert it to plain XHTML document that IE can understand? The example XHTML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html [
<!ENTITY D "—">
<!ENTITY o "‘">
<!ENTITY c "’">
<!ENTITY O "“">
<!ENTITY C "”">
]>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
&O; &C;
</body>
</html>
Solution
Turns out this is simple option in the XmlTextReader (and XmlValidatingReader) class - "EntityHandling".
So a simple demo of your problem:
System.Xml.XmlTextReader textReader = new System.Xml.XmlTextReader("testin.xml");
textReader.EntityHandling = System.Xml.EntityHandling.ExpandEntities;
System.Xml.XmlDocument outputDoc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument();
outputDoc.Load(textReader);
System.Xml.XmlDocumentType docTypeIfPresent = outputDoc.DocumentType;
if (docTypeIfPresent != null)
outputDoc.RemoveChild(docTypeIfPresent);
outputDoc.Save("testout.html");
textReader.Close();
And if you prefer not to have to load the document into memory, a streaming equivalent:
System.Xml.XmlTextReader textReader = new System.Xml.XmlTextReader("testin.xml");
textReader.EntityHandling = System.Xml.EntityHandling.ExpandEntities;
System.Xml.XmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Xml.XmlTextWriter("testout.html", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
while (textReader.Read())
{
if (textReader.NodeType != System.Xml.XmlNodeType.DocumentType)
textWriter.WriteNode(textReader, false);
else
textReader.Skip();
}
textWriter.Close();
OTHER TIPS
xmllint can do it and, since xmllint is written in C and is free software, it is probable relatively easy to adapt the way it does it to your C# program. Here is an example:
% cat foo.xhtml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html [
<!ENTITY D "—">
<!ENTITY o "‘">
<!ENTITY c "’">
<!ENTITY O "“">
<!ENTITY C "”">
]>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
&O; &C;
</body>
</html>
% xmllint --noent --dropdtd foo.xhtml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
[Plain Unicode characters that I prefer to omit because I don't know how SO handles it]
</body>
</html>
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