Comment découper un tableau dans Excel VBA?

Question

Quelle fonction puis-je utiliser dans Excel VBA pour découper un tableau?

Answer 1

  

Application.WorksheetFunction.Index (tableau, ligne, colonne)

Si vous spécifiez une valeur nulle pour une ligne ou une colonne, vous obtenez alors la colonne ou la ligne entière spécifiée.

Exemple:

  

Application.WorksheetFunction.Index (array, 0, 3)

Cela vous donnera la 3ème colonne entière.

Si vous spécifiez une ligne et une colonne non nulles, vous n'obtiendrez que l'élément spécifique. Il n’existe pas de moyen facile d’obtenir une tranche plus petite qu’une ligne ou une colonne complète.

Limitation : il existe une limite à la taille du tableau que WorksheetFunction.Index peut gérer si vous utilisez une version plus récente d'Excel. Si array a plus de 65 536 lignes ou 65 536 colonnes, un "Type mismatch" est généré. Erreur. Si cela vous pose problème, consultez la réponse plus compliquée qui n’est pas soumise à la même limitation.

Voici la fonction que j'ai écrite pour effectuer toutes mes découpes en 1D et 2D:

Public Function GetArraySlice2D(Sarray As Variant, Stype As String, Sindex As Integer, Sstart As Integer, Sfinish As Integer) As Variant

' this function returns a slice of an array, Stype is either row or column
' Sstart is beginning of slice, Sfinish is end of slice (Sfinish = 0 means entire
' row or column is taken), Sindex is the row or column to be sliced
' (NOTE: 1 is always the first row or first column)
' an Sindex value of 0 means that the array is one dimensional 3/20/09 ljr

Dim vtemp() As Variant
Dim i As Integer

On Err GoTo ErrHandler

Select Case Sindex
    Case 0
        If Sfinish - Sstart = UBound(Sarray) - LBound(Sarray) Then
            vtemp = Sarray
        Else
            ReDim vtemp(1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1)
            For i = 1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1
                vtemp(i) = Sarray(i + Sstart - 1)
            Next i
        End If
    Case Else
        Select Case Stype
            Case "row"
                If Sfinish = 0 Or (Sstart = LBound(Sarray, 2) And Sfinish = UBound(Sarray, 2)) Then
                    vtemp = Application.WorksheetFunction.Index(Sarray, Sindex, 0)
                Else
                    ReDim vtemp(1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1)
                    For i = 1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1
                        vtemp(i) = Sarray(Sindex, i + Sstart - 1)
                    Next i
                End If
            Case "column"
                If Sfinish = 0 Or (Sstart = LBound(Sarray, 1) And Sfinish = UBound(Sarray, 1)) Then
                    vtemp = Application.WorksheetFunction.Index(Sarray, 0, Sindex)
                Else
                    ReDim vtemp(1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1)
                    For i = 1 To Sfinish - Sstart + 1
                        vtemp(i) = Sarray(i + Sstart - 1, Sindex)
                    Next i
                End If
        End Select
End Select
GetArraySlice2D = vtemp
Exit Function

ErrHandler:
    Dim M As Integer
    M = MsgBox("Bad Array Input", vbOKOnly, "GetArraySlice2D")

End Function

Answer 2

Vous trouverez ci-dessous une méthode rapide pour découper des tableaux de variantes Excel. La plupart de ces éléments ont été rassemblés à l'aide des informations de cet excellent site http://bytecomb.com/vba-reference/

Essentiellement, le tableau de destination est prédéfini en tant que variante vide 1d ou 2d et transmis au sous-ensemble avec le tableau source et l'index de l'élément à découper. En raison de la manière dont les tableaux sont stockés en mémoire, il est beaucoup plus rapide de couper une colonne qu'une ligne, car la disposition de la mémoire permet de copier un seul bloc.

La bonne chose à ce sujet est qu’elle dépasse largement la limite de lignes Excel.

Option Explicit

#If Win64 Then
    Public Const PTR_LENGTH As Long = 8
    Public Declare PtrSafe Function GetTickCount Lib "kernel32" () As Long
    Public Declare PtrSafe Sub Mem_Copy Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (ByRef Destination As Any, ByRef Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function VarPtrArray Lib "VBE7" Alias "VarPtr" (ByRef Var() As Any) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (Destination As Any, Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
    Private Declare PtrSafe Sub FillMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlFillMemory" (Destination As Any, ByVal Length As Long, ByVal Fill As Byte)
#Else
    Public Const PTR_LENGTH As Long = 4
    Public Declare Function GetTickCount Lib "kernel32" () As Long
    Public Declare Sub Mem_Copy Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (ByRef Destination As Any, ByRef Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
    Private Declare Function VarPtrArray Lib "VBE7" Alias "VarPtr" (ByRef Var() As Any) As LongPtr
    Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (Destination As Any, Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
    Private Declare Sub FillMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlFillMemory" (Destination As Any, ByVal Length As Long, ByVal Fill As Byte)
#End If

Private Type SAFEARRAYBOUND
    cElements    As Long
    lLbound      As Long
End Type

Private Type SAFEARRAY_VECTOR
    cDims        As Integer
    fFeatures    As Integer
    cbElements   As Long
    cLocks       As Long
    pvData       As LongPtr
    rgsabound(0) As SAFEARRAYBOUND
End Type

Sub SliceColumn(ByVal idx As Long, ByRef arrayToSlice() As Variant, ByRef slicedArray As Variant)
'slicedArray can be passed as a 1d or 2d array
'sliceArray can also be part bound, eg  slicedArray(1 to 100) or slicedArray(10 to 100)
Dim ptrToArrayVar As LongPtr
Dim ptrToSafeArray As LongPtr
Dim ptrToArrayData As LongPtr
Dim ptrToArrayData2 As LongPtr
Dim uSAFEARRAY As SAFEARRAY_VECTOR
Dim ptrCursor As LongPtr
Dim cbElements As Long
Dim atsBound1 As Long
Dim elSize As Long

    'determine bound1 of source array (ie row Count)
    atsBound1 = UBound(arrayToSlice, 1)
    'get pointer to source array Safearray
    ptrToArrayVar = VarPtrArray(arrayToSlice)
    CopyMemory ptrToSafeArray, ByVal ptrToArrayVar, PTR_LENGTH
    CopyMemory uSAFEARRAY, ByVal ptrToSafeArray, LenB(uSAFEARRAY)
    ptrToArrayData = uSAFEARRAY.pvData
    'determine byte size of source elements
    cbElements = uSAFEARRAY.cbElements

    'get pointer to destination array Safearray
    ptrToArrayVar = VarPtr(slicedArray) + 8 'Variant reserves first 8bytes
    CopyMemory ptrToSafeArray, ByVal ptrToArrayVar, PTR_LENGTH
    CopyMemory uSAFEARRAY, ByVal ptrToSafeArray, LenB(uSAFEARRAY)
    ptrToArrayData2 = uSAFEARRAY.pvData

    'determine elements size
    elSize = UBound(slicedArray, 1) - LBound(slicedArray, 1) + 1
    'determine start position of data in source array
    ptrCursor = ptrToArrayData + (((idx - 1) * atsBound1 + LBound(slicedArray, 1) - 1) * cbElements)
    'Copy source array to destination array
    CopyMemory ByVal ptrToArrayData2, ByVal ptrCursor, cbElements * elSize

End Sub

Sub SliceRow(ByVal idx As Long, ByRef arrayToSlice() As Variant, ByRef slicedArray As Variant)
'slicedArray can be passed as a 1d or 2d array
'sliceArray can also be part bound, eg  slicedArray(1 to 100) or slicedArray(10 to 100)
Dim ptrToArrayVar As LongPtr
Dim ptrToSafeArray As LongPtr
Dim ptrToArrayData As LongPtr
Dim ptrToArrayData2 As LongPtr
Dim uSAFEARRAY As SAFEARRAY_VECTOR
Dim ptrCursor As LongPtr
Dim cbElements As Long
Dim atsBound1 As Long
Dim i As Long

    'determine bound1 of source array (ie row Count)
    atsBound1 = UBound(arrayToSlice, 1)
    'get pointer to source array Safearray
    ptrToArrayVar = VarPtrArray(arrayToSlice)
    CopyMemory ptrToSafeArray, ByVal ptrToArrayVar, PTR_LENGTH
    CopyMemory uSAFEARRAY, ByVal ptrToSafeArray, LenB(uSAFEARRAY)
    ptrToArrayData = uSAFEARRAY.pvData
    'determine byte size of source elements
    cbElements = uSAFEARRAY.cbElements

    'get pointer to destination array Safearray
    ptrToArrayVar = VarPtr(slicedArray) + 8 'Variant reserves first 8bytes
    CopyMemory ptrToSafeArray, ByVal ptrToArrayVar, PTR_LENGTH
    CopyMemory uSAFEARRAY, ByVal ptrToSafeArray, LenB(uSAFEARRAY)
    ptrToArrayData2 = uSAFEARRAY.pvData

    ptrCursor = ptrToArrayData + ((idx - 1) * cbElements)
    For i = LBound(slicedArray, 1) To UBound(slicedArray, 1)

        CopyMemory ByVal ptrToArrayData2, ByVal ptrCursor, cbElements
        ptrCursor = ptrCursor + (cbElements * atsBound1)
        ptrToArrayData2 = ptrToArrayData2 + cbElements
    Next i

End Sub

Exemple d'utilisation:

Sub exampleUsage()
Dim sourceArr() As Variant
Dim destArr As Variant
Dim sliceIndex As Long

    On Error GoTo Err:

    sourceArr = Sheet1.Range("A1:D10000").Value2
    sliceIndex = 2 'Slice column 2 / slice row 2

    'Build target array
    ReDim destArr(20 To 10000) '1D array from row 20 to 10000
'    ReDim destArr(1 To 10000) '1D array from row 1 to 10000
'    ReDim destArr(20 To 10000, 1 To 1) '2D array from row 20 to 10000
'    ReDim destArr(1 To 10000, 1 To 1) '2D array from row 1 to 10000

    'Slice Column
    SliceColumn sliceIndex, sourceArr, destArr

    'Slice Row
    ReDim destArr(1 To 4)
    SliceRow sliceIndex, sourceArr, destArr

Err:
    'Tidy Up See ' http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16323776/copy-an-array-reference-in-vba/16343887#16343887
    FillMemory destArr, 16, 0

End Sub

Les timings étaient sur un ancien processeur dual core utilisant le test suivant

Sub timeMethods()
Const trials As Long = 10
Const rowsToCopy As Long = 1048576
Dim rng As Range
Dim Arr() As Variant
Dim newArr As Variant
Dim newArr2 As Variant
Dim t As Long, t1 As Long, t2 As Long, t3 As Long
Dim i As Long

    On Error GoTo Err

    'Setup Conditions 1time only
    Sheet1.Cells.Clear
    Sheet1.Range("A1:D1").Value = Split("A1,B1,C1,D1", ",") 'Strings
'    Sheet1.Range("A1:D1").Value = Split("1,1,1,1", ",") 'Longs
    Sheet1.Range("A1:D1").AutoFill Destination:=Sheet1.Range("A1:D" & rowsToCopy), Type:=xlFillDefault

    'Build source data
    Arr = Sheet1.Range("A1:D" & rowsToCopy).Value
    Set rng = Sheet1.Range("A1:D" & rowsToCopy)

    'Build target container
    ReDim newArr(1 To rowsToCopy)
    Debug.Print "Trials=" & trials & " Rows=" & rowsToCopy
    'Range
    t3 = 0
    For t = 1 To trials
        t1 = GetTickCount

            For i = LBound(newArr, 1) To UBound(newArr, 1)
                newArr(i) = rng(i, 2).Value2
            Next i

        t2 = GetTickCount
        t3 = t3 + (t2 - t1)
        Debug.Print "Range: " & t2 - t1
    Next t
    Debug.Print "Range Avg ms: " & t3 / trials

    'Array
    t3 = 0
    For t = 1 To trials
        t1 = GetTickCount

            For i = LBound(newArr, 1) To UBound(newArr, 1)
                newArr(i) = Arr(i, 2)
            Next i

        t2 = GetTickCount
        t3 = t3 + (t2 - t1)
        Debug.Print "Array: " & t2 - t1
    Next t
    Debug.Print "Array Avg ms: " & t3 / trials

    'Index
    t3 = 0
    For t = 1 To trials
        t1 = GetTickCount

            newArr2 = WorksheetFunction.Index(rng, 0, 2) 'newArr2 2d

        t2 = GetTickCount
        t3 = t3 + (t2 - t1)
        Debug.Print "Index: " & t2 - t1
    Next t
    Debug.Print "Index Avg ms: " & t3 / trials

    'CopyMemBlock
    t3 = 0
    For t = 1 To trials
        t1 = GetTickCount

            SliceColumn 2, Arr, newArr

        t2 = GetTickCount
        t3 = t3 + (t2 - t1)
        Debug.Print "CopyMem: " & t2 - t1
    Next t
    Debug.Print "CopyMem Avg ms: " & t3 / trials

Err:
    'Tidy Up
    FillMemory newArr, 16, 0


End Sub

Answer 3

Deux choses, VBA ne prend pas en charge le découpage en matrice. Par conséquent, quoi que vous utilisiez, vous devrez rouler vous-même. Mais comme il ne s’agit que d’Excel, vous pouvez utiliser l’index de fonction de feuille de calcul intégré pour le découpage en tableau.

Sub Test()
    'All example return a 1 based 2D array.
    Dim myArr As Variant 'This var must be generic to work.
    'Get whole range:
    myArr = ActiveSheet.UsedRange
    'Get just column 1:
    myArr = WorksheetFunction.Index(ActiveSheet.UsedRange, 0, 1)
    'Get just row 5
    myArr = WorksheetFunction.Index(ActiveSheet.UsedRange, 5, 0)
End Sub

Answer 4

La solution de Lance a un bug dans le sens où elle ne respecte pas une valeur initiale décalée avec un sous-tableau de longueur non spécifiée. J'ai aussi trouvé que son fonctionnement était assez déroutant. Je propose une solution plus transparente (espérons-le) ci-dessous.

Public Function GetSubTable(vIn As Variant, Optional ByVal iStartRow As Integer, Optional ByVal iStartCol As Integer, Optional ByVal iHeight As Integer, Optional ByVal iWidth As Integer) As Variant
    Dim vReturn As Variant
    Dim iInRowLower As Integer
    Dim iInRowUpper As Integer
    Dim iInColLower As Integer
    Dim iInColUpper As Integer
    Dim iEndRow As Integer
    Dim iEndCol As Integer
    Dim iRow As Integer
    Dim iCol As Integer

    iInRowLower = LBound(vIn, 1)
    iInRowUpper = UBound(vIn, 1)
    iInColLower = LBound(vIn, 2)
    iInColUpper = UBound(vIn, 2)

    If iStartRow = 0 Then
        iStartRow = iInRowLower
    End If
    If iStartCol = 0 Then
        iStartCol = iInColLower
    End If

    If iHeight = 0 Then
        iHeight = iInRowUpper - iStartRow + 1
    End If
    If iWidth = 0 Then
        iWidth = iInColUpper - iStartCol + 1
    End If

    iEndRow = iStartRow + iHeight - 1
    iEndCol = iStartCol + iWidth - 1

    ReDim vReturn(1 To iEndRow - iStartRow + 1, 1 To iEndCol - iStartCol + 1)

    For iRow = iStartRow To iEndRow
        For iCol = iStartCol To iEndCol
            vReturn(iRow - iStartRow + 1, iCol - iStartCol + 1) = vIn(iRow, iCol)
        Next
    Next

    GetSubTable = vReturn
End Function

Answer 5

Voici un autre moyen.

Ceci n'est pas multidimensionnel mais fonctionnerait avec une seule ligne et une seule colonne.

Les paramètres f et t sont basés sur zéro.

Function slice(ByVal arr, ByVal f, ByVal t)
    slice = Application.Index(arr, Evaluate("Transpose(Row(" & f + 1 & ":" & t + 1 & "))"))
End Function

Answer 6

Voici une fonction astucieuse que j'ai écrite pour sous-définir un tableau 2D

Function Subset2D(arr As Variant, Optional rowStart As Long = 1, Optional rowStop As Long = -1, Optional colIndices As Variant) As Variant
    'Subset a 2d array (arr)
    'If rowStop = -1, all rows are returned
    'colIndices can be provided as a variant array like Array(1,3)
    'if colIndices is not provided, all columns are returned

    Dim newarr() As Variant, newRows As Long, newCols As Long, i As Long, k As Long, refCol As Long

    'Set the correct rowStop
    If rowStop = -1 Then rowStop = UBound(arr, 1)

    'Set the colIndices if they were not provided
    If IsMissing(colIndices) Then
        ReDim colIndices(1 To UBound(arr, 2))
        For k = 1 To UBound(arr, 2)
            colIndices(k) = k
        Next k
    End If

    'Get the dimensions of newarr
    newRows = rowStop - rowStart + 1
    newCols = UBound(colIndices) + 1
    ReDim newarr(1 To newRows, 1 To newCols)

    'Loop through each empty element of newarr and set its value
    For k = 1 To UBound(newarr, 2) 'Loop through each column
        refCol = colIndices(k - 1) 'Get the corresponding reference column
        For i = 1 To UBound(newarr, 1) 'Loop through each row
            newarr(i, k) = arr(i + rowStart - 1, refCol) 'Set the value
        Next i
    Next k

    Subset2D = newarr
End Function

Answer 7

Vous pouvez utiliser une combinaison des propriétés Rows, Columns, Offset et Resize pour obtenir un sous-ensemble d'une plage.

Par exemple, si vous avez une plage de 5 colonnes sur 3 lignes:

Set rng = Range("A1:E3")

Vous pouvez obtenir n'importe quel sous-ensemble en combinant de manière appropriée les propriétés ci-dessus. Par exemple, si vous souhaitez obtenir les 3 cellules les plus à droite sur la deuxième ligne ("C2: E2" dans l'exemple ci-dessus), vous pouvez utiliser l'une des méthodes suivantes:

   Set rngSubset = rng.Rows(2).Offset(0, rng.Columns.Count - 3).Resize(1, 3)

Vous pouvez ensuite envelopper cette fonction dans une fonction VBA.

Answer 8

Il n'y a pas de fonction directe slice pour les tableaux, différente de nombreuses autres langues récentes.

Cependant, il existe un extrait de code abrégé très pratique pour cela. Ci-dessous, une solution complète pour les tableaux 1D:

'*************************************************************
'*                      Fill(N1,N2)
'* Create 1 dimension array with values from N1 to N2 step 1
'*************************************************************
Function Fill(N1 As Long, N2 As Long) As Variant
 Dim Arr As Variant
 If N2 < N1 Then
   Fill = False
   Exit Function
 End If
 Fill = WorksheetFunction.Transpose(Evaluate("Row(" & N1 & ":" & N2 & ")"))
End Function

'**********************************************************************
'*                        Slice(AArray, [N1,N2])
'* Slice an array between indices N1 to N2
'***********************************************************************
Function Slice(VArray As Variant, Optional N1 As Long = 1, Optional N2 As Long = 0) As Variant
 Dim Indices As Variant
 If N2 = 0 Then N2 = UBound(VArray)
 If N1 = LBound(VArray) And N2 = UBound(VArray) Then
   Slice = VArray
 Else
   Indices = Fill(N1, N2)
   Slice = WorksheetFunction.Index(VArray, 1, Indices)
 End If
End Function

Pour tester

Var V As Variant
V = Fill(100,109)
PrintArr(Slice(V,3,5))

'************************************************
'*                 PrintArr(VArr)
'* Print the array VARR
'**************************************************
Function PrintArr(VArray As Variant)
 Dim S As String
 S = Join(VArray, ", ")
 MsgBox (S)
End Function

Les résultats

102, 103, 104