我正试图在Cocoa Touch的 UIView 的底边画一个阴影。我知道我应该使用 CGContextSetShadow()来绘制阴影,但是Quartz 2D编程指南有点模糊:

  1. 保存图形状态。
  2. 调用函数 CGContextSetShadow ,传递适当的值。
  3. 执行要应用阴影的所有绘图。
  4. 恢复图形状态
  5. 我在 UIView 子类中尝试了以下内容:

    - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
        CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
        CGContextSaveGState(currentContext);
        CGContextSetShadow(currentContext, CGSizeMake(-15, 20), 5);
        CGContextRestoreGState(currentContext);
        [super drawRect: rect];
    }
    

    ..但这对我不起作用,我有点不知道(a)下一步去哪里和(b)如果我需要对 UIView 做任何事情让这个工作?

有帮助吗?

解决方案

在当前代码中,保存当前上下文的 GState ,将其配置为绘制阴影..并将其恢复为将其配置为绘制阴影之前的状态。然后,最后,您调用超类的 drawRect 的实现:。

任何应受阴影设置影响的绘图都需要在

之后发生
CGContextSetShadow(currentContext, CGSizeMake(-15, 20), 5);

之前

CGContextRestoreGState(currentContext);

因此,如果您希望超类的 drawRect:被包裹在阴影中,那么如果您重新排列代码会怎么样?

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
    CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    CGContextSaveGState(currentContext);
    CGContextSetShadow(currentContext, CGSizeMake(-15, 20), 5);
    [super drawRect: rect];
    CGContextRestoreGState(currentContext);
}

其他提示

更简单的方法是在初始化时设置视图的某些图层属性:

self.layer.masksToBounds = NO;
self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(-15, 20);
self.layer.shadowRadius = 5;
self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5;

您需要导入QuartzCore。

#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
self.layer.masksToBounds = NO;
self.layer.cornerRadius = 8; // if you like rounded corners
self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(-15, 20);
self.layer.shadowRadius = 5;
self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5;

这会降低应用程序的速度。 只要您的视图明显是矩形,添加以下行可以提高性能:

self.layer.shadowPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:self.bounds].CGPath;

相同的解决方案,但只是提醒您:您可以直接在故事板中定义阴影。

例如:

你可以尝试这个......你可以玩这些值。 shadowRadius 决定了模糊量。 shadowOffset 指示阴影的去向。

  

Swift 2.0

let radius: CGFloat = demoView.frame.width / 2.0 //change it to .height if you need spread for height
let shadowPath = UIBezierPath(rect: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 2.1 * radius, height: demoView.frame.height))
//Change 2.1 to amount of spread you need and for height replace the code for height

demoView.layer.cornerRadius = 2
demoView.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.blackColor().CGColor
demoView.layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: 0.5, height: 0.4)  //Here you control x and y
demoView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5
demoView.layer.shadowRadius = 5.0 //Here your control your blur
demoView.layer.masksToBounds =  false
demoView.layer.shadowPath = shadowPath.CGPath
  

Swift 3.0

let radius: CGFloat = demoView.frame.width / 2.0 //change it to .height if you need spread for height 
let shadowPath = UIBezierPath(rect: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 2.1 * radius, height: demoView.frame.height)) 
//Change 2.1 to amount of spread you need and for height replace the code for height

demoView.layer.cornerRadius = 2
demoView.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
demoView.layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: 0.5, height: 0.4)  //Here you control x and y
demoView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5
demoView.layer.shadowRadius = 5.0 //Here your control your blur
demoView.layer.masksToBounds =  false
demoView.layer.shadowPath = shadowPath.cgPath
  

传播示例

  

创建基本阴影

    demoView.layer.cornerRadius = 2
    demoView.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.blackColor().CGColor
    demoView.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0.5, 4.0); //Here your control your spread
    demoView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5 
    demoView.layer.shadowRadius = 5.0 //Here your control your blur
  

Swift 2.0中的基本阴影示例

使用Interface Builder

的简单清洁解决方案

在项目中添加名为UIView.swift的文件(或者只将其粘贴到任何文件中):

import UIKit

@IBDesignable extension UIView {

    /* The color of the shadow. Defaults to opaque black. Colors created
    * from patterns are currently NOT supported. Animatable. */
    @IBInspectable var shadowColor: UIColor? {
        set {
            layer.shadowColor = newValue!.CGColor
        }
        get {
            if let color = layer.shadowColor {
                return UIColor(CGColor:color)
            }
            else {
                return nil
            }
        }
    }

    /* The opacity of the shadow. Defaults to 0. Specifying a value outside the
    * [0,1] range will give undefined results. Animatable. */
    @IBInspectable var shadowOpacity: Float {
        set {
            layer.shadowOpacity = newValue
        }
        get {
            return layer.shadowOpacity
        }
    }

    /* The shadow offset. Defaults to (0, -3). Animatable. */
    @IBInspectable var shadowOffset: CGPoint {
        set {
            layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: newValue.x, height: newValue.y)
        }
        get {
            return CGPoint(x: layer.shadowOffset.width, y:layer.shadowOffset.height)
        }
    }

    /* The blur radius used to create the shadow. Defaults to 3. Animatable. */
    @IBInspectable var shadowRadius: CGFloat {
        set {
            layer.shadowRadius = newValue
        }
        get {
            return layer.shadowRadius
        }
    }
}

然后,这将在Interface Builder中为Utilities Panel中的每个视图提供&gt;属性检查器:

您现在可以轻松设置阴影。

注意:结果   - 只有在运行时,阴影才会出现在IB中。
  - 正如Mazen Kasser所说

  

对于未能使其工作的人[...]确保未启用剪辑子视图( clipsToBounds

我将它用作我的工具的一部分。有了这个,我们不仅可以设置阴影,还可以为任何 UIView 获得一个圆角。您也可以设置您喜欢的颜色阴影。通常黑色是首选,但有时,当背景为非白色时,您可能需要其他东西。这是我使用的 -

in utils.m
+ (void)roundedLayer:(CALayer *)viewLayer 
              radius:(float)r 
              shadow:(BOOL)s
{
    [viewLayer setMasksToBounds:YES];
    [viewLayer setCornerRadius:r];        
    [viewLayer setBorderColor:[RGB(180, 180, 180) CGColor]];
    [viewLayer setBorderWidth:1.0f];
    if(s)
    {
        [viewLayer setShadowColor:[RGB(0, 0, 0) CGColor]];
        [viewLayer setShadowOffset:CGSizeMake(0, 0)];
        [viewLayer setShadowOpacity:1];
        [viewLayer setShadowRadius:2.0];
    }
    return;
}

要使用它,我们需要调用它 - [utils roundedLayer:yourview.layer radius:5.0f shadow:YES];

Swift 3

extension UIView {
    func installShadow() {
        layer.cornerRadius = 2
        layer.masksToBounds = false
        layer.shadowColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
        layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: 0, height: 1)
        layer.shadowOpacity = 0.45
        layer.shadowPath = UIBezierPath(rect: bounds).cgPath
        layer.shadowRadius = 1.0
    }
}

如果您想使用StoryBoard并且不想继续输入运行时属性,您可以轻松地创建视图扩展并使其在故事板中可用。

步骤1.创建扩展

extension UIView {

@IBInspectable var shadowRadius: CGFloat {
    get {
        return layer.shadowRadius
    }
    set {
        layer.shadowRadius = newValue
    }
}

@IBInspectable var shadowOpacity: Float {
    get {
        return layer.shadowOpacity
    }
    set {
        layer.shadowOpacity = newValue
    }
}

@IBInspectable var shadowOffset: CGSize {
    get {
        return layer.shadowOffset
    }
    set {
        layer.shadowOffset = newValue
    }
}

@IBInspectable var maskToBound: Bool {
    get {
        return layer.masksToBounds
    }
    set {
        layer.masksToBounds = newValue
    }
}
}

第2步。您现在可以在故事板中使用这些属性

对于那些在尝试所有答案后未能使其工作的人(正如我自己!),只需确保在属性检查器中未启用剪辑子视图 ...

Swift 3

self.paddingView.layer.masksToBounds = false
self.paddingView.layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: -15, height: 10)
self.paddingView.layer.shadowRadius = 5
self.paddingView.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.5

您可以使用我为阴影和角半径创建的效用函数,如下所示:

- (void)addShadowWithRadius:(CGFloat)shadowRadius withShadowOpacity:(CGFloat)shadowOpacity withShadowOffset:(CGSize)shadowOffset withShadowColor:(UIColor *)shadowColor withCornerRadius:(CGFloat)cornerRadius withBorderColor:(UIColor *)borderColor withBorderWidth:(CGFloat)borderWidth forView:(UIView *)view{

    // drop shadow
    [view.layer setShadowRadius:shadowRadius];
    [view.layer setShadowOpacity:shadowOpacity];
    [view.layer setShadowOffset:shadowOffset];
    [view.layer setShadowColor:shadowColor.CGColor];

    // border radius
    [view.layer setCornerRadius:cornerRadius];

    // border
    [view.layer setBorderColor:borderColor.CGColor];
    [view.layer setBorderWidth:borderWidth];
}

希望它能帮到你!!!

所有答案都很好,但我想再增加一点

如果在有表格单元格时遇到问题,则Deque新单元格中的阴影不匹配,因此在这种情况下,您需要将影子代码放在layoutSubviews方法中,以便它在所有条件下都能很好地运行。

-(void)layoutSubviews{
    [super layoutSubviews];

    [self.contentView setNeedsLayout];
    [self.contentView layoutIfNeeded];
    [VPShadow applyShadowView:self];
}

或在ViewControllers中为特定视图放置以下方法中的阴影代码,以便它可以正常工作

-(void)viewDidLayoutSubviews{
    [super viewDidLayoutSubviews];

    [self.viewShadow layoutIfNeeded];
    [VPShadow applyShadowView:self.viewShadow];
}

我为新的开发者修改了我的阴影实现,以获得更通用的形式:

/*!
 @brief Add shadow to a view.

 @param layer CALayer of the view.

 */
+(void)applyShadowOnView:(CALayer *)layer OffsetX:(CGFloat)x OffsetY:(CGFloat)y blur:(CGFloat)radius opacity:(CGFloat)alpha RoundingCorners:(CGFloat)cornerRadius{
    UIBezierPath *shadowPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:layer.bounds cornerRadius:cornerRadius];
    layer.masksToBounds = NO;
    layer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
    layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(x,y);// shadow x and y
    layer.shadowOpacity = alpha;
    layer.shadowRadius = radius;// blur effect
    layer.shadowPath = shadowPath.CGPath;
}

对于Xamarians同事,答案的Xamarin.iOS / C#版本如下所示:

public override void DrawRect(CGRect area, UIViewPrintFormatter formatter)
{
    CGContext currentContext = UIGraphics.GetCurrentContext();
    currentContext.SaveState();
    currentContext.SetShadow(new CGSize(-15, 20), 5);
    base.DrawRect(area, formatter);
    currentContext.RestoreState();                
}

主要区别在于您获得了 CGContext 的实例,您可以在其上直接调用相应的方法。

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