You might consider commercial software libraries, like that from A2iA Corporation (http://www.a2ia.com/en/a2ia-checkreader-0), or the open source Tesseract library (http://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/) for basic OCR operations.
Assuming you want to read the MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) characters at the bottom of the check, A2iA is a good start, as I'm unsure if Tesseract will work well with the E13B font used for this.